In uncomplicated preterm infants receiving routine PN, we found a correlation between phytosterol intake and plasma phytosterol concentrations; however, cholestasis was rare and no difference in liver function at 6 wk was observed.
The antioxidant properties of fresh black truffles (Tuber melanosporum)melanosporum) (T.) refrigerated at 4 °C 4 °C under different packaging conditions: air atmosphere (A), (A), reduced pressure (V), (V), mix 1% O 2 /99% N 2 (ON) and mix 40% CO 2 /60% N 2 (CN) were evaluated during 28 d 28 days of storage. The results were compared with the volatile fingerprint determined by SPME-GC/MS and with the phenolic antioxidants characterized by HPLC-MS/MS. HPLC-MS/MS. The total antioxidant content and the antioxidant activity decreased during the storage, regardless of the packaging method. The principal components component analysis (PCA) showed that the total antioxidant content was well correlated with low storage times, high antioxidant activity and three volatile aldehydes. In contrast, 2-propyl-butanoate and 2-nonen-1-ol inversely correlated with the antioxidant activity, as well as gentisic acid, which was the only phenolic antioxidant which increased during the storage. V, CN and ON were always better strategies than A to preserve the freshness of T. T. However, V is a valid and cheap alternative to normal atmosphere to prolong the shelf life for up to two weeks.
The purpose of this study was to focus attention on the need to adopt infection control procedures in dentistry. The quantitative and qualitative bacterial contamination of dental healthcare workers' faces and other surfaces in dental practice was determined. Oral fluids become aerosolized during dentistry and oral microbes have been used as the markers of their spread that may carry blood-borne pathogens.
BackgroundThe estimation of the burden of disease attributable to fatty liver requires studies performed in the general population.MethodsThe Bagnacavallo Study was performed between October 2005 and March 2009. All the citizens of Bagnacavallo (Ravenna, Italy) aged 30 to 60 years as of January 2005 were eligible. Altered liver enzymes were defined as alanine transaminase > 40 U/l and/or aspartate transaminase > 37 U/l.ResultsFour thousand and thirty-three (58%) out of 6920 eligible citizens agreed to participate and 3933 (98%) had complete data. 393 (10%) of the latter had altered liver enzymes and 3540 had not. After exclusion of subjects with HBV or HCV infection, liver ultrasonography was available for 93% of subjects with altered liber enzymes and 52% of those with normal liver enzymes. The prevalence of fatty liver, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) was 0.74 (95%CI 0.70 to 0.79) vs. 0.35 (0.33 to 0.37), 0.46 (0.41 to 0.51) vs. 0.22 (0.21 to 0.24) and 0.28 (0.24 to 0.33) vs. 0.13 (0.11 to 0.14) in citizens with than in those without altered liver enzymes. Ethanol intake was not associated and all the components of the metabolic syndrome (MS) were associated with fatty liver. All potential risk factors were associated with a lower odds of normal liver vs. NAFLD while they were unable to discriminate AFLD from NAFLD.ConclusionsFatty liver as a whole was highly prevalent in Bagnacavallo in 2005/9 and was more common among citizens with altered liver enzymes.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12876-018-0906-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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