The refinement of XRD patterns only
provides the average structure
parameters for the alloying materials because of the symmetric protection.
Raman vibrational modes can append the detailed information about
the bond length and structure. The refinements of XRD patterns for
Bi alloying Cs2AgInCl6 revealed the strong structure
distortion with the enlarged octahedron of In(Bi)Cl6 and
the contracted octahedron of AgCl6 with the increasing
Bi. Raman spectra supported the expanded octahedron of InCl6 and the reduced octahedron of AgCl6 but identified the
anomalous shortening bond length of Bi–Cl with the increasing
Bi. These distorting octahedrons break parity forbidden transition,
modify Huang–Rhys factor, and result in the maximum values
at 30% Bi alloying and the same variation trend for both photoluminescence
and Huang–Rhys factor with the increasing Bi alloying.
In the current investigation, 16 samples of six species of the genus Polygonatum were collected from different geographical regions in China. Leaf micromorphological traits were studied in detail using scanning electron microscopy. About five-leaf samples were used for each species collected from different geographical regions. A significant variation was found in the foliar epidermal traits such as stomata types and their distribution, epidermal cell shape, anticlinal wall pattern, and various types of trichomes. Polygonal epidermal cells were observed in P. cyrtonema, P. odoratum, P. sibiricum, and P. filipes, rectangular in P. zanlanscianense and P. odoratum and irregular shape in P. filipes and P. zanlanscianense. Straight anticlinal wall pattern was observed in most of the species, but straight to little undulate was observed in P. cyrtonema, P. filipes, and P. zanlanscianense. Similarly, various shape stomata that are, oval, oblong, and elliptical and types that is, paracytic, anomocytic, and actinocytic have been observed. Based on the foliar traits, the P. odoratum and P. sibiricum were found closely related to one another. On the other hand, P. involucratum and P. zanlanscianense shows a strong association. However, P. filipes showed very less similarity with the other five species. Hence this study adds useful information that may be helpful in the further taxonomic classification of the taxa at subspecies level and was found significant in the correct identification and discrimination of the closely related taxa of the genus Polygonatum.
In this work, Ag@CdS nanowires (NWs) were fabricated via a facile hydrothermal route and magnetron sputtering. The structure and morphology of the Ag@CdS NWs were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photon spectroscopy. The synthesized Ag@CdS NWs exhibit an enhanced light sensitizing ability due to plasmon-enhanced absorption at the Ag and CdS interface. The Ag@CdS NW photoanode exhibits superior light harvesting and photoelectrochemical performance with an optimal photocurrent density of about 6.15 mA/ cm 2 at a 0.18 V bias versus the saturated calomel electrode (SCE) and a photocurrent density of about 4.7 times compared to that of the pure CdS NW photoanode. The photochemical conversion efficiency calculated for Ag(45 s)@CdS NWs is found to be 6.6% (potential vs SCE at 0.12 V) compared to 1.28% for CdS NWs at the same potential. The H 2 generation obtained from the Ag(45 s) @CdS NW photoanode is 1.8 times higher than that from the pure CdS NW photoanode.
Low‐energy optical phonons with energy in the order of that of acoustic phonons are readily populated at room temperature, and therefore, they play a key role in thermal, electronic, and thermo‐electric fundamental processes in a solid material. High‐quality crystalline cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanowires with a diameter of several tens of nanometer and a length up to several micrometers (3–5 μm) demonstrate strong exciton–phonon coupling. This strong coupling interaction allows us to observe low‐energy optical phonons and their anharmonic couplings to high‐energy phonon modes. In this study, second and higher order multiphonons related to the
E2low phonon were observed in near resonance Raman scattering condition (excitation wavelength of 532 nm). The clear observation of the multiphonon modes makes it possible to study composite phonon anharmonic decay. The experimental results show that low‐energy phonons (both optical and acoustical) dominate anharmonic phonon decay in CdS.
In this work, Mn2+-doped ZnS nanorods were synthesized
by a facile hydrothermal method. The morphology, structure, and composition
of the as-prepared samples were investigated. The temperature-dependent
photoluminescence of ZnS:Mn nanorods was analyzed, and the corresponding
activation energies were calculated by using a simple two-step rate
equation. Mn2+-related orange emission (4T1 → 6A1) demonstrates high stability
and is comparatively less affected by the temperature variations than
the defect-related emission. A metal–semiconductor–metal
junction ultraviolet photodetector based on the nanorod networks has
been fabricated by a cost-effective method. The device exhibits visible
blindness, superior ultraviolet photodetection with a responsivity
of 1.62 A/W, and significantly fast photodetection response with the
rise and decay times of 12 and 25 ms, respectively.
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