Health literacy, a more complex concept than knowledge, is a required capacity to obtain, understand, integrate and act on health information [1], in order to enhance individual and community health, which is defined by different levels, according to the autonomy and personal capacitation in decision making [2]. Medium levels of Health literacy in an adolescent population were found in a study conducted in 2013/2014, being higher in sexual and reproductive health and lower in substance use. It was also noticed that the higher levels of health literacy were in the area adolescents refer to have receipt more health information. The health literacy competence with higher scores was communication skills, and the lower scores were in the capacity to analyze factors that influence health. Higher levels were also found in younger teenagers, but in a higher school level, confirming the importance of health education in these age and development stage. Adolescents seek more information in health professionals and parents, being friends more valued as a source information in older adolescents, which enhance the importance of peer education mainly in older adolescents [3]. As a set of competences based on knowledge, health literacy should be developed through education interventions, encompassing the cultural and social context of individuals, since the society, culture and education system where the individual is inserted can define the way the development and enforcement of the health literacy competences [4]. The valued sources of information should be taken into account, as well as needs of information in some topics referred by adolescents in an efficient health education. Schizophrenia is a serious and chronic mental illness which has a profound effect on the health and well-being related with the well-known nature of psychotic symptoms. The exercise has the potential to improve the life of people with schizophrenia improving physical health and alleviating psychiatric symptoms. However, most people with schizophrenia remains sedentary and lack of access to exercise programs are barriers to achieve health benefits. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of exercise on I) the type of intervention in mental health, II) in salivary levels of alpha-amylase and cortisol and serum levels of S100B and BDNF, and on III) the quality of life and selfperception of the physical domain of people with schizophrenia. The sample consisted of 31 females in long-term institutions in the Casa de Saúde Rainha Santa Isabel, with age between 25 and 63, and with diagnosis of schizophrenia according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR). Physical fitness was assessed by the six-minute walk distance test (6MWD). Biological variables were determined by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). Psychological variables were assessed using SF-36, PSPP-SCV, RSES and SWLS tests. Walking exercise has a positive impact on physical fitness (6MWD -p = 0.001) and physical components of the psychological test...
Background: There is ample evidence of the high mental health burden caused by Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Several constructs such as experiential avoidance, cognitive fusion, shame, and self-criticism have recently emerged as potential intervention targets to improve mental health in IBD. Psychotherapeutic models such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and compassion-based interventions are known to target these constructs. In this protocol, we aim to describe a two-arm Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) testing the efficacy of an ACT and compassion-focused intervention named Living with Intention, Fullness, and Engagement with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (LIFEwithIBD) intervention + Treatment As Usual (TAU) vs. TAU in improving psychological distress, quality of life, work and social functioning, IBD symptom perception, illness-related shame, psychological flexibility, self-compassion, disease activity, inflammation biomarkers, and gut microbiota diversity.Methods: This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT03840707, date assigned 13/02/2019). The LIFEwithIBD intervention is an adaptation to the IBD population of the Mind programme for people with cancer, an acceptance, mindfulness, and compassion-based intervention designed to be delivered in a group format. The LIFEwithIBD intervention's structure and topics are presented in this protocol. Participants were recruited at the Gastroenterology Service of the Coimbra University Hospital between June and September 2019. Of the 355 patients screened, 61 participants were selected, randomly assigned to one of two conditions [experimental group (LIFEwithIBD + TAU) or control group (TAU)] and completed the baseline assessment. Outcome measurement took place at baseline, post-intervention, 3- and 12-month follow-ups.Discussion: Results from this RCT will support future studies testing the LIFEwithIBD intervention or other acceptance and/or compassion-based interventions for IBD.
RESUMO: Este trabalho, recorte de pesquisa mais ampla, em andamento, objetiva descrever os resultados preliminares sobre a presença de estereótipos de gênero nos textos visuais de materiais didáticos, utilizados no ensino de línguas estrangeiras em escolas brasileiras de nível fundamental e médio. Nesse contexto, uma abordagem crítica serve como pano de fundo adequado para fundamentar a pesquisa. Embora a pesquisa como um todo tenha incluído cinco línguas estrangeiras, este trabalho relata apenas os resultados referentes aos livros-texto de inglês e francês (28 livros). A análise qualitativa dos materiais aleatoriamente selecionados demonstra que ainda é bastante estereotipada a representação de homens e mulheres no que diz respeito ao papel profissional, econômico e às relações afetivas apontadas para cada um. Palavras-chave: texto visual; livro didático; estereótipos de gênero.ABSTRACT: This paper, part of a broader, ongoing research, has as its purpose to present the preliminary results related to the presence of gender stereotypes in the visual texts of a selection of textbooks used in the teaching of foreign languages in Brazilian primary and secondary schools. A critical stance guided the analysis of the instructional materials. Although the research has included five foreign languages, for the purpose of this paper only the results related to English and French textbooks (28 books) are reported. The preliminary results of the qualitative analysis of randomly selected materials indicate that men and women are still visually represented in a stereotyped way as far as professional, social, economic and affective aspects are concerned.
Objetivo: A literatura demonstra que a imagem corporal é uma dimensão central de auto e heteroavaliação e um foco de preocupação não só para as mulheres, mas também para os homens. Diversos autores têm sublinhado a necessidade de um maior investimento no desenvolvimento e validação de instrumentos de medida para a imagem corporal para o sexo masculino, dado que homens e mulheres se distinguem significativamente em relação às preocupações associadas à aparência física. A Male Body Attitude Scale-Revised(MBAS-R) é a versão revista de um instrumento de medida (MBAS), especificamente desenvolvido para a população masculina, que visa avaliar as atitudes e preocupações em relação à imagem corporal. O presente estudo visa estudar a estrutura fatorial e as propriedades psicométricas da versão portuguesa da MBAS-R.Métodos: O estudo foi conduzido numa amostra constituída por 222 homens da população geral portuguesa, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 65 anos.Resultados: Os resultados de uma série de análises fatoriais confirmatórias demonstraram a adequação da versão portuguesa da MBAS-R (12-itens) com uma estrutura de dois fatores (massa muscular e massa gorda). A análise dos itens da versão portuguesa da MBAS-R revelou que todos os itens contribuem consistentemente para a respetiva subescala e para a medida global. Adicionalmente, tanto a escala total como as subescalas da versão portuguesa da MBAS-R revelaram boa consistência interna. Os resultados mostraram ainda que as preocupações e atitudes em relação à imagem corporal, avaliadas pela MBAS-R, se associam positivamente a vergonha externa, vergonha corporal e inflexibilidade alimentar.Conclusões: Os resultados sugerem que a MBAS-R é uma medida breve e válida para avaliar e caraterizar as preocupações masculinas em relação à imagem corporal de um modo global e, simultaneamente, especificamente em relação a duas dimensões centrais da vivência da imagem corporal (massa muscular e gordura corporal) nesta população.
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