Introduction More than 200,000 orthopaedic implants are implanted each year in France. Automating the data collection of device-related patient outcomes in orthopaedics is a challenge to improve device monitoring and though orthopaedic practices. The goal of this study was to assess the existing models of automated surveillance of medical devices in orthopaedics, by performing a systematic review. Methods The research equation contained the following MeSH terms from PubMed [Arthroplasty, Replacement], combined with [Patient Generated Health Data], [Public Reporting of Healthcare Data], [Medical Records Systems, Computerized], or [Data Warehousing]. Articles were extracted among peer-reviewed journal, in English. Titles and abstracts of selected articles were double-blind reviewed to include the articles in the study according to the following criteria: data obtained automatically, without duplicate data entry by caregivers or review of medical records one by one. For each study, we recorded: device location, targeted population, population size, methods and objectives. Results From the 54 articles identified through PubMed, 23 articles met the inclusion criteria after review of titles and abstracts 18 considered surveillance of knee devices and 13 hip devices. Monitoring of other joint prosthesis was practically absent. The aims of the analyses primarily concerned postoperative complications and length of stay, but the objectives were widely various. Discussion There were few studies using electronic medical records or clinical data warehouses to monitor devices in orthopaedics. The majority of the included studies were performed on claim databases. An information bias about data collection methods was frequently identified in the abstracts. The literature review highlighted the potential uses of health data in joint replacement and the current underuse of the medical records and/or data warehouse in orthopaedic surveillance. Key messages There were few studies using automated surveillance to monitor devices in orthopaedics. The aims of automated surveillance concerned postoperative complications and length of stay.
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