The quantum mechanical propagator of a massive particle in a linear gravitational potential derived already in 1927 by Earle H. Kennard [2, 3] contains a phase that scales with the third power of the time T during which the particle experiences the corresponding force. Since in conventional atom interferometers the internal atomic states are all exposed to the same acceleration a, this T 3 -phase cancels out and the interferometer phase scales as T 2 . In contrast, by applying an external magnetic field we prepare two different accelerations a 1 and a 2 for two internal states of the atom, which translate themselves into two different cubic phases and the resulting interferometer phase scales as T 3 . We present the theoretical background for, and summarize our progress towards experimentally realizing such a novel atom interferometer.
In this article, we discuss the magnetic-field frequency selectivity of a time-domain interferometer based on the number and timing of intermediate π pulses. We theoretically show that by adjusting the number of π pulses and the π -pulse timing, we can control the frequency selectivity of the interferometer to time varying and DC magnetic fields. We present experimental data demonstrating increased coherence time due to bandwidth filtering with the inclusion of a π pulse between the initial and final π/2 pulses, which mitigates sensitivity to low frequency magnetic fields.
We study the general problem of Raman resonances in arbitrary magnetic fields for realistic alkali atoms. We first present the details of a model that includes all magnetic sub-levels and their appropriate coupling strengths to two laser fields. The numerical implementation of this model and some of the results are also presented. Our experimental arrangement is described and preliminary measurements are presented.
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