The pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis (Pérez Farfante, 1967) is distributed along the Atlantic Coast from Bahia (Brazil) to Mar del Plata (Argentina). The larval stages enter the Uruguayan brackish water lagoons during late spring to summer associated with tidal currents of the Brazilian Current. In such environments the growth is accelerated and in early autumn the individuals attain commercial size, supporting important regional artisanal fisheries. The pink shrimp catches from 1988 to 2013 were analyzed and related to phenomena of climate variability in ENSO events and to the growth of the species. The total catch ranges from 0.7 to 162 tons. The variation in catches has a negative relationship with the varied climatic events caused by El Niño. Growth parameters yielding values of L ∞ = 177 mm (total carapace length) and K = 1.48 for the period 2009-2013. These values differ slightly from those calculated for natural populations in southern Brazil, suggesting that the population is the same and thus implying the need for coordinated fisheries management between the two countries.
This work analyzed length-mass relationship, growth in length, mass variations and dynamic of yolk sac depletion of Mustelus schmitti embryos, extracted from females catched by the artisanal fishery acting off La Paloma (34°39'S, 54°10'W, Uruguay) during 2006 and 2007. Differences in total length and total mass between sexes were not significant. Embryos showed a negative allometric growth for both years with a slope change near the day 170 of the year, likely to be associated with the depletion of the external yolk sac. Gompertz and Von Bertalanffy curves were adjusted for each year. Parturition date was determined around the day 300 of the year. Yolk depletion followed a logistic dynamic Yt=1/(1+e(-13.749 + 0.072*t)) for 2006 and Yt=1/(1+e(-10.472 + 0.054*t)) for 2007. Embryos showed a mean increase in total dry mass of 5.4g in 187 days which, together with yolk depletion dynamics, indicates additional energetic supply, suggesting that M. schmitti presents limited histotrophy.
Climate change impacts on fishery resources have been widely reported worldwide. Nevertheless, a knowledge gap remains for the warm-temperate Southwest Atlantic Ocean—a global warming hotspot that sustains important industrial and small-scale fisheries. By combining a trait-based framework and long-term landing records, we assessed species’ sensitivity to climate change and potential changes in the distribution of important fishery resources (n = 28; i.e., bony fishes, chondrichthyans, crustaceans, and mollusks) in Southern Brazil, Uruguay, and the northern shelf of Argentina. Most species showed moderate or high sensitivity, with mollusks (e.g., sedentary bivalves and snails) being the group with the highest sensitivity, followed by chondrichthyans. Bony fishes showed low and moderate sensitivities, while crustacean sensitivities were species-specific. The stock and/or conservation status overall contributed the most to higher sensitivity. Between 1989 and 2019, species with low and moderate sensitivity dominated regional landings, regardless of the jurisdiction analyzed. A considerable fraction of these landings consisted of species scoring high or very high on an indicator for potential to change their current distribution. These results suggest that although the bulk of past landings were from relatively climate-resilient species, future catches and even entire benthic fisheries may be jeopardized because (1) some exploited species showed high or very high sensitivities and (2) the increase in the relative representation of landings in species whose distribution may change. This paper provides novel results and insights relevant for fisheries management from a region where the effects of climate change have been overlooked, and which lacks a coordinated governance system for climate-resilient fisheries.
El manejo costero integrado surge como una herramienta que integra un amplio espectro de actores sociales y que genera información sistematizada y comunicable para el manejo democrático y sustentable de los recursos costeros. Bajo este marco y ante el uso como terminal maderera planteado por el gobierno nacional para el puerto de la localidad de La Paloma, el presente trabajo brinda elementos para el manejo de los riesgos derivados de esta actividad. Se adoptó la metodología de Análisis de Riesgo que se llevó adelante en tres fases: la construcción de una tabla de identificación de actividades, amenazas, área geográfica, receptores de amenazas y consecuencias; estimación de probabilidad y consecuencia a través de consulta a expertos; y finalmente valorización del riesgo a través de una matriz que permitió la priorización de los riesgos más altos y desarrollar recomendaciones para su mitigación. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la actividad del puerto requiere siempre desarrollar acciones prioritarias e inmediatas para su gestión, debido al alto impacto que tendría (Categoría de riesgo: Inaceptable). Los riesgos más importantes derivados de la actividad portuaria fueron identificados como los derivados del dragado (cambios en la sedimentación y contaminación), y del tránsito de barcos (contaminación residual y encallamiento). Estos resultados permiten generar estrategias de gestión y facilitar la interpretación de los problemas a los tomadores de decisión dentro de un proceso de manejo integrado de la operativa del puerto.
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