LA RELACIÓN ENTRE EL USO DE DROGAS Y COMPORTAMIENTOS DE RIESGO ENTRE ESTUDIANTES BRASILEÑOS DESCRITORES: estudantes; fatores de risco; drogas ilícitas1 The opinions expressed in this article are the sole responsability of the authors and do not in any way represent the position of the organization they work at or its administration;

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O objetivo do estudo foi identificar o perfil dos idosos usuários de substâncias psicoativas atendidos no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial de álcool e drogas no interior paulista, no período de 1996 a 2009. O desenho metodológico é descritivo, do tipo retrospectivo, baseado em dados secundários. A amostra foi composta por 191 clientes com idade acima de 60 anos, que correspondem a 3,2% de todos os atendidos no referido serviço. Os idosos caracterizaram-se por serem predominantemente do sexo masculino; a média de idade foi 64 anos, com baixo nível de escolaridade; 78,4% tinham até o ensino fundamental; e 86% eram aposentados. As drogas de maior uso foram: o álcool, a maconha, o crack e a cocaína. Conclui-se que o número de idosos que buscam assistência especializada é muito baixo. Estudos dessa natureza são importantes para avaliar as necessidades desse grupo em evidente crescimento, bem como o uso de substâncias psicoativas para o planejamento de práticas efetivas.

OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to use the AUDIT and Fagerström questionnaires in a general hospital inpatient population to measure the frequency of problem drinking and nicotine dependence, and to see if levels varied between medical speciality. DESIGN:Retrospective cross-sectional study. SETTING:Federally funded public teaching hospital.SAMPLE: 275 inpatients from both genders. MAIN MEASUREMENTS:Socio-demographic data, AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test) and Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence. RESULTS:We interviewed 275 inpatients, 49% of whom were men and 51% women. Thirty-four patients were identified as "cases" by the Audit questionnaire; 22% of the male patients and 3% of the females. Just over 21% of inpatients were current smokers. The gastroenterology (26%) and general medicine (16%) inpatient units had the largest number of individual cases. CONCLUSIONS:Only by knowing the prevalence of alcohol abuse/ dependence and nicotine dependence in a general hospital can we evaluate the need for a specialized liaison service to identify and treat these patients.KEY WORDS: AUDIT. Fagerström. Screening. Liaison psychiatry. Inpatients.• 140Research from other countries largely supports the finding that inpatients are more likely to have problems with alcohol. [9][10][11] The importance of identifying these patients lies in the possibility of providing some form of intervention aimed at reducing alcohol consumption and thereby reducing the risk that the patient will subsequently develop complications of alcohol misuse.Just how and by whom these patients should be identified is open to debate. Short screening instruments have the advantage that they do not take long to fill in and can be used with very little training by almost any health care professional. 12 The CAGE questionnaire is one of the most widely used alcohol screening instruments and has a high sensitivity and specificity for identifying patients with alcohol dependence. However, it has been criticized for not identifying people who are drinking heavily or who have alcohol-related problems but do not as yet show symptoms of alcohol dependence. Indeed it is these very patients who may benefit most from early therapeutic interventions. The AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test) questionnaire was developed by WHO 13 as a screening instrument specifically designed to identify problem drinkers, as well as those who were already dependent on alcohol. It has a reported sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 93%.14 Skipsey, et al. 15 found an excellent level of internal consistency in the identification of "hard" drinkers and alcohol dependence. When compared with the MAST (Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test), the AUDIT was considered superior, as the MAST failed to identify recent problems brought on by heavy alcohol consumption. The AUDIT has been found to be a very promising instrument for the identification of alcohol abuse and dependence among patients in diverse medical settings. [16][17][18] It is estimated that 30% of ...

ResumoContexto: A espiritualidade pode ser considerada uma dimensão pessoal para a compreensão de questões sobre a vida, sobre significados e sobre o relacionamento com o sagrado ou transcendente, pelo qual pode (ou não) estar relacionada com rituais religiosos. Objetivo: Avaliar a consistência interna da versão traduzida e adaptada para o Brasil do instrumento Spirituality Self Rating Scale (SSRS). Métodos: Estudo descritivo, de corte transversal. Aplicou-se a SSRS para estudar sua consistência interna em uma amostra constituída de 138 (69%) homens usuários de substâncias psicoativas vinculados a diferentes serviços para reabilitação ou participando de grupo de mútua ajuda. Resultados: A consistência interna, analisada pelo coeficiente de alfa de Cronbach, apresentou valor global de 0,8355, variando de 0,7028 a 0,8878. Conclusões: A versão brasileira da SSRS apresentou valores de consistência interna semelhantes aos da versão original em inglês e podem ser considerados bons. SC / Rev Psiq Clín. 2009;36(1):10-15 Palavras-chave: Espiritualidade, consistência interna, SSRS. Gonçalves AMS, Pillon AbstractContext: Spirituality can be considered a personal dimension to understand questions about life, about meanings and the relationship with the sacred or transcendent, which may (or not) be related to religious rituals. Objective: To evaluate the internal consistency of translated and adapted for Brazil version of the instrument Spirituality Self Rating Scale (SSRS). Methods: Descriptive, cross sectional study. The SSRS has been applied to study it the internal consistency in a sample consisted of 138 (69%) males psychoactive substance users linked to different services for rehabilitation or participating in group of mutual-help. Results: The internal consistency, evaluated by the coefficient of Chronbach's alpha, showed overall value of 0.8355, ranging from 0.7028 to 0.8878. Conclusions: The Brazilian version of SSRS showed value of internal consistency similar to the original version in English and can be considered good.Gonçalves AMS, Pillon SC / Rev Psiq Clín. 2009;36(1):10-15

The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate alcohol use and the levels of spirituality among nursing students. The tests used were the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and the Spirituality Scale. Participants were 191 (80.2%) nursing undergraduates from a city in the state of Minas Gerais, 75.4% of which were female, average age 25 years, and 149 (78%) were Catholic. As for alcohol use per gender, 117 (75%) women used alcoholic beverages and 33 (56.9%) had a drinking problem (p?0.05), against 25 men (431%). Low scores for spirituality levels were found in the sample: in average, women had lower scores compared to men (12.7 against 13.5). Comparing the level of spirituality with having a drinking problem, it was observed that students with low risk alcohol use had lower levels of spirituality. In conclusion, spirituality may not function as a protecting factor for alcohol use, hence this behavior may be under the control of other variables.