Background: Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among Indian women. Subclinical vitamin D deficiency is a significant risk factor for osteopenia and fractures. However, its effect on bone metabolism and bone mineral density (BMD) is still debatable. Objectives: This study aimed to determine relationships of the vitamin D status with bone turnover markers, carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type-I collagen (CTX), N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP), and BMD in healthy Indian women. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we determined serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D), parathyroid hormone, serum CTX, and PINP using commercial ELISA kits in 310 healthy Indian women aged 25-65 years who underwent BMD measurements with DXA scan. Results: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 53.87% and vitamin D insufficiency 31.29%. A direct correlation of BMD with vitamin D levels was not observed. PINP negatively correlated with vitamin D in both premenopausal (Spearman's r =-0.169, P < 0.05) and postmenopausal (Spearman's r =-0.241, P < 0.05) women. However, CTX positively correlated with vitamin D in both premenopausal (Spearman's r = 0.228, P < 0.01) and postmenopausal (Spearman's r = 0.244, P < 0.05) women. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is more prevalent in premenopausal women than in postmenopausal ones. Although vitamin D does not show any association with BMD, it affects bone remodeling, which is reflected by changes in the bone formation marker PINP and the bone resorption marker CTX.
Background: Serum Uric acid (SUA) had always been thought of as a metabolically inert end product of purine metabolism without physiological significance except gouty diathesis. However, it has been recently associated with insulin resistance and also considered as a risk marker for the development of diseases like diabetes, coronary heart disease.
Aims and Objective: In this study we aim to determine the incidence of hyperuricemia in diabetic individuals and also study the relation of SUA with the other established risk factor of cardiovascular diseases, as it is one of the long term complications of Diabetes.
Materials and Methods: The study enrolled 120 subjects. Group I (test group) comprised of 60 known cases of type II DM on oral anti-diabetic drugs. The control group comprised of 60 subjects who were non diabetic and not suffering from any major illness. The protocol of the study was approved by ethical committee of the institute. Total cholesterol, HDL, TG, glucose, SUA was estimated while parameters like LDL and VLDL were calculated.
Results: A highly significant increased SUA, total cholesterol, HDL, TG, glucose, LDL and VLDL was seen in type II DM (p<0.0001) when compared with control while a significant (p<0.05) positive correlation was observed between SUA and total cholesterol and TG. In study group a negative correlation though not statistically significant was observed between SUA and fasting blood sugar level.
Conclusion: SUA is definitely associated with development of complications of diabetes in the form of cardiovascular disease. This may be due to its influence on the deranged lipid metabolism and hyperglycemia.
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