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Conversion of carbon dioxide to value-added products (also termed as CO2 reduction reaction or CRR) is an exceptional route toward diminishing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere and to help alleviate the energy and global warming crises. Within this framework, many types of research have been focused on introducing novel catalysts to reach an efficient system for the CRR. Conducting polymers (CPs) with appropriate electroactive characteristics have been used as effective catalysts for CRR for more than two decades. Polypyrrole (PPy) and polyaniline (PANI) are two of the most commonly studied CPs. Accordingly, this work presents a comprehensive review of the electrocatalytic performance of conductive polymers, including their composites, for CO2 reduction. A comparative approach is also followed to indicate their advantages and disadvantages over common metal-based heterogeneous electrocatalysts. The important perspectives and key challenges for developing these catalysts are also discussed.