A numerical investigation has been executed in a curve-shaped enclosure crammed with a hybrid nanofluid containing a wavy-shaped inner cylinder with the existence of a magnetic field. A mixture of copper and alumina nanoparticles in a normal water-based solution is used to create the hybrid nanofluid. The natural convective flow in the enclosure is generated as a result of the temperature difference between a cold outer curve-shaped enclosure and a hot inner wavy cylinder. A numerical parametric examination is performed for several values of the Rayleigh number, volume concentration of nanoparticles, Hartmann number, and wave number of the inner cylinder. Outcomes are explained in terms of velocity field, isotherms, and local and average Nusselt numbers with changes in physically significant parameters. The outcomes reveal that the rate of thermal transmission is considerably augmented for rising the concentration of the hybrid nanofluid and Rayleigh number; however, with a higher Hartmann number, opposite tendency is exhibited. In addition, the intensity of the fluid flow and the heat transfer inside the enclosure are controlled by the number of waves in the internal cylinder.
A numerical study is performed to investigate nanofluids' flow field and heat transfer characteristics between the domain bounded by a square and a wavy cylinder. The left and right walls of the cavity are at constant low temperature while its other adjacent walls are insulated. The convective phenomena take place due to the higher temperature of the inner corrugated surface. Super elliptic functions are used to transform the governing equations of the classical rectangular enclosure into a system of equations valid for concentric cylinders. The resulting equations are solved iteratively with the implicit finite difference method. Parametric results are presented in terms of streamlines, isotherms, local and average Nusselt numbers for a wide range of scaled parameters such as nanoparticles concentration, Rayleigh number, and aspect ratio. Several correlations have been deduced at the inner and outer surface of the cylinders for the average Nusselt number, which gives a good agreement when compared against the numerical results. The strength of the streamlines increases significantly due to an increase in the aspect ratio of the inner cylinder and the Rayleigh number. As the concentration of nanoparticles increases, the average Nusselt number at the internal and external cylinders becomes stronger. In addition, the average Nusselt number for the entire Rayleigh number range gets enhanced when plotted against the volume fraction of the nanofluid.
In this study, the ignition characteristics and the flow properties of the mixed convection flow are presented. Detailed formulations of the forced, natural and mixed convection problems have been discussed. In order to avoid inconvenient switch between the forced and natural convection we introduce a continuous transformation in the mixed convection. We make a comparison between these situations which reveal a good agreement. For mixed convection flow, the ignition distance is explicitly expressed as a function of the Prandtl number, reaction parameter and wall temperature. It has been observed that owing to the increase of the aforesaid parameters, the thermal ignition distance is reduced. Numerical results are illustrated for velocity, temperature, and concentration for different physical parameters. Furthermore, the development of combustion is presented by using streamlines, isotherms and isolines of fuel and oxidizer.
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