The article presents the results of theoretical studies to establish the nature of the distribution and determine the speed of the air flow formed along a moving high-speed passenger train. In studies, to preserve the geometric similarity, a high-speed train is considered in the form of a bar (or plate) of rectangular cross-section moving in three-dimensional space. To simplify the problem, the movement of a high-speed train at a speed of 160-250 km / h in flat terrain, when the height of the embankment is constant, is considered. Assuming that when a high-speed train moves, a turbulent wake is formed, the problem is solved for a turbulent flow using the method of the equivalent heat conduction problem. An equation for the distribution of the layer and along a moving high-speed passenger train is obtained. The results obtained at this stage made it possible to establish the size of the boundary layer and the nature of the change in the distribution of the air flow velocity in its aisles; investigate the impact of secondary air currents generated by high-speed passenger trains on the environment along the high-speed railway.
Purpose. The scientific paper highlights research of aerodynamic pressure and distribution of airflow velocity field along the moving high-speed train. Methodology. The study of velocity field distribution around the moving high-speed train is produced by simulating its movement as axially symmetric body with the ogive-shaped head and tail parts in compressible (acoustic) environment. Findings. The values of the absolute velocity (theoretical) of air flow generated by the body movement is determined (for the case when the body moves at a constant speed (200, 250, 350, 400 km / h) at a certain height from the ground), for the points located at different distances from the axis of the moving body (high-speed train). The calculations results allowed building the graphs of the air flow velocity in the acoustic environment along the moving body at different distances from it. Using the Bernoulli law (pressure change dependences on the flow velocity), the values of the overpressure generated by the air stream from the moving body were determined. Originality. This is the first theoretical study of the aerodynamics of the high-speed train as axially symmetric body with the ogive-shaped head and tail parts in compressible (acoustic) environment, moving with steady speed. The research results allow us to establish the distribution of the excess air flow pressure generated along the moving high-speed train. Practical value. The obtained results allows determining of the following parameters: 1) requirements for physical-mechanical and strength characteristics of the individual elements of the railway infrastructure in the areas of high-speed train movement, subject to aerodynamic pressure; 2) minimum distance from the track safe for people location during high-speed train passage.
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