Background Beyond its traditional metabolic effects, vitamin D also have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Serum levels of vitamin D have been found to be low in several autoimmune or immune-mediated diseases. Objectives The aims of this study were to evaluate the vitamin D status in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), and also to examine whether there is an association between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (vitamin D) and disease activity in JIA. Methods The children withJIA who had an outpatient visit between March and April 2011 were evaluated retrospectively. Demographic data, disease duration, treatment modalities, physical examination findings, disease activity, sedimentation, and vitamin D levels were evaluated. Disease activitywas calculatedwithJADAS-27. Serum vitamin D levels were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Results A total of 47 patients, 29 (61.7%) girls with a mean age of 9.3±3.9 years and median follow-up period of 28 months, were included in the study. 12 patients(25.5%) wereusing vitamin D supplement at the time of the study. The mean serum vitamin D level of all patients was 17.74 ng/ml ±11.66. Vitamin D insufficiency (serum vitamin D: 15-20 ng/ml) and deficiency (serum vitamin D level <15 ng/ml) were found in 9 (19.1%) and 25 patients (53.2%), respectively. Only 13 patients (27.7%) have adequate vitamin D levels (>20 ng/ml). There is a significant negative correlation between Vitamin D levels and disease activity (p=0.01, r=-0,37). Conclusions Vitamin D deficiency is common in children with JIA. There is a relationship between vitamin D levels and disease activity. Clinicians should be aware of vitamin D deficiency in patients with JIA. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

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Erythrocyte, serum and plasma antioxidant activities and the effects of propylthiouracil (PTU) treatment on these activities were studied in patients with toxic multinodular goiter. The activities of the erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, catalase, Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase, selenium (Se)-dependent glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase) and the levels of erythrocyte Se, serum ceruloplasmin and plasma malondialdehyde were significantly higher while serum vitamin E, plasma vitamin C and plasma Se were lower in hyperthyroid patients. PTU treatment, not for 1 but for 3 months caused a partial reversal of antioxidant activities to euthyroid levels. It is suggested that alterations in blood antioxidant activities following PTU treatment might be due to the antioxidant and/or antithyroid effect of this drug.

Objective: To investigate whether or not reduction of thyroid volume during weight loss is related to adipocytokines and urinary iodine excretion in obese women. Subjects and Methods: 98 obese and 31 non-obese women consecutively admitted to the endocrinology and metabolism outpatient clinic of the School of Medicine, Akdeniz University were included in the study. Thyroid volume, thyroid function tests, leptin and adiponectin levels, and urinary iodine excretion were measured at baseline and six months after treatment for obesity. Results: Thyroid volume increased in obese women (p = 0.048). After adjustment for body mass index, there were no significant differences in plasma leptin and serum adiponectin levels between obese and non-obese women (p > 0.05). Thyroid volume correlated positively with body mass index (r = 0.48, p = 0.04), leptin (r = 0.1, p = 0.03), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (r = 0.43, p = 0.001) levels, while there was a negative correlation between thyroid volume and urinary iodine (r = –0.38, p = 0.04) and urinary iodine/creatinine ratio (r = –0.25, p = 0.045) in obese women. Changes in body mass index (p = 0.022) and leptin levels (p = 0.039) were the only factors that significantly affected the change of thyroid volume during weight loss. Conclusion: Iodine status may play an important role in increased thyroid volume in obese women; however, iodine status did not seem to exert a significant influence on the changes in thyroid volume. On the other hand, changes in both body mass index and plasma leptin levels seemed to be important for changes in thyroid volume.