The study of personality has fascinated psychologists since a long time. Personality as an area of study has grown so much that a wealth of literature is available. On the other hand, the socio-ethnic dynamics of human race in the emerging global village context provoking psychologists to develop a personality theory which can treat certain basic components of personality as invariants, so that irrespective of culture, race, and nativity could still be able to study personality which will have universal applicability and relevance, is still far away. In the above emerging backdrop, “Ayurveda” has perhaps an important role to play as it can enable providing a theoretical and empirical base of personality traits and types. These Ayurvedic concepts are applicable to all human beings irrespective of caste, color, sex or race. Therefore, it is interesting to build on the Ayurvedic knowledge which has already given us so much since time immemorial, and validate some of these issues related to personality from psychological perspective. There are already certain efforts in understanding Sattva, Rajas, and Tamas Gunas. It can be furthered so that a comprehensive personality picture can be generated, which can have implications for health, career, education and many other dimensions of life. The present paper is a theoretical attempt in developing such a personality proposition which can be validated. Thus, the present paper only builds a theoretical framework for their possible empirical validity.

The authors have developed a personality scale to assess Tridoshas i.e. Vata, Pitta, and Kapha from psychological perspective in human beings. The Tridoshas are composed of the Pancha Mahabhutas, but one or the other Dosha is dominant singularly or in combination. There can never be a state when one or the other Pancha Mahabhutas and consequently the Tridoshas are absent totally. All five are essential to sustain life. Vata Dosha is composed of Akasa and Vayu Mahabhuta. Pitta Dosha is composed of Tejas or Agni and Ap Mahabhuta. Kapha Dosha is composed of Ap and Prithvi Mahabhuta. Although Tridosha is studied, understood, and applied in Ayurveda, the present authors have tried to validate the same from the domain of psychology. Since the authors are not from the domain of Ayurveda but of Psychology, there are some constructs that are not amenable for psychological testing which have been ignored. Only those constructs that can be used by psychologists to assess the psychological aspects of the Dosha Prakriti have been used to build items for the assessment of personality. In this process, the psychometric properties of the scale are established. The scale assesses the psychological manifestation of the Tridoshas, which was the basic objective. The standardization procedure involved in the development of the Mysore Psychological Tridosha Scale is herewith delineated.

In a day to day life we come across many hassles in our life and these hassles sometimes becomes stressors. Adolescent is a period of transitional stage with physical and psychological development wherein they face many such challenges and stressors. It depends on the individual ability, cognition and frame of life which help him to cope with stressors. Thus it is psychological resilience that is an individual’s ability to adapt to stress and hardship which determines his ability to cope with stress. The aim of the present study was to examine the difference in perceived stress among Pre University and Under Graduate students, as well studying the relationship between perceived stress and resilience among Pre University and Under Graduate students. In order to examine the same within group and between group designs was adopted and null hypothesis was formulated. Sample size of 50 Pre university students and 50 Under Graduate students were administered with Resilience scale and Perceived Stress Scale. The data was statistically analyzed and results indicated Pre University students had high level of Perceive stress and low level of resilience and Under Graduate students had moderate level of Perceive stress and high level of resilience. ‘t’ score of (t= 4.63, p<0.01) indicated significant difference between Pre University students and Under Graduate students in perceived stress, and r score of (r = -0.70, p<0.05) indicated negative relationship between Perceive stress and resilience. These findings indicated that Perceived stress is high among Pre University students compared to Under Graduate students; as well there existed a high negative relationship between Perceive stress and resilience. According to literature review it is found that resilience is related to positive emotions and these positive emotions during stressful experience have adaptive benefits in coping with stress (Tugad et al, 2004). Empirical evidence on resilient individual who have good coping strategies concretely elicit positive emotions, like humor, optimism, goal oriented behavior (Bergeman et al 2006) Thus this result paves the way for academicians, policy makers and educational intuitions to provide resilience training program as a part of their curricular, so that young adults and adolescents will have better stress management abilities.

Psychology as an organized science was studied in ancient India under the purview of human medicine, which has extensive roots right from Vedic times. But understanding, classifications, methodologies, characterization, typology, and so on of human behavior-incorporating body, mind, and soul-has been a corner stone of the Indian medical system, which has a significant segment on psychological aspects of human behavior, although it is not detailed under the name of "Psychology." The coining of the term is a relatively recent phenomenon compared with the medical tradition. Although psychology per se was not studied, some of the essential thoughts that burned at stalwarts of Indian intellectual traditions were the following: "Who is the person?" "How does he think?" "What is thinking?" "What is seeing?" "What is the mind?" and "What is it made up of?" These and many more questions that delve into a person's psyche were of utmost importance to our seers and sages. These have led to immense bodies of knowledge-spiritual, technical, practical, and empirical-which are yet to be explored and disseminated even to this day. "Indian psychology is a complex subject variously viewed as esoteric and spiritual, philosophical and speculative, practical and ritualistic, and of course, as we believe, systematic and scientific understanding of human nature. There is truth in all these characterizations" (Rao, Paranjpe, & Dalal, 2008, p. xvii). Indian psychology can also mean the psychology practiced by psychologists in India but is not restricted to this, although this is what most people think it is. Although the psychology studied in Indian colleges and universities is western in nature, there are now some universities that offer a basic course on Indian psychology.Indian psychology refers partly to aspects of psychology that are directed to understanding the behavioural perspectives and psychologically relevant existential problems of Indians. Again, this is only partially relevant. . . . Indian psychology is an indigenous psychology in that it is a psychology derived from indigenous thought systems and therefore is clearly best suited to address India specific psychological issues and problems. It is, however, more than indigenous psychology for the reason that it offers fruitful psychological models and theories, though derived from classical Indian thought, that hold pan human interest. (Rao et al., 2008, p. 2, 3) The rich phenomenology of consciousness contained in classical Indian thought, Hindu as well as Buddhist, is useful in a variety of ways and is immensely helpful in promoting cognitive science and for psychodiagnostic purposes. The epistemological dualism implied in Indian psychology has profound implications for learning. . . . It also fills the current value vacuum in education. Indian psychology has thus

Aim: As households' health-seeking behavior depends enormously on socioeconomic and demographic factors particularly in developing county like Bangladesh, it contributes differently to health-care seeking behavior varying household to household. This study intends to explore the nature of the health seeking behavior of urban residents in Sylhet city through assessing the socioeconomic and socio-demographic factors. Subject and Methods: A 150 household survey has been completed in Sylhet city, using a multistage cluster sampling method. A household survey questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic and socioeconomic factors and their impacts on health-seeking behavior. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis investigate the extent of association between different socioeconomic and demographic factors and health-seeking behavior. Results: We found that among the 150 participants, the majority (88%) of household heads are male because gender is signi cantly associated with priority in choosing health care in the study. The result of binary logistic regression indicates the households who have a minimum level of education (primary or above) are 10.617 more likely to use public health care facilities. Income is statistically associated with the main source of health service. The interference of income in seeking treatment has a relationship with the employment sectors (public or private). Moreover, the reasons for choosing a speci c source of health care have a signi cant relationship with the main source of health care (public or private). Conclusion: This study recommends that government should introduce health insurance policy for city dwellers for reducing the inequalities in health services among city dwellers. Background Health seeking behavior refers to decision or an action taken by an individual to maintain, attain, or regain good health and to prevent illness. Health seeking behavior determines how different classes of people use health services from the health professionals and the health service organizations. A number of factors that determine health seeking behavior are: physical, socioeconomic , cultural and political (Musoke et al. 2015; Mahmood et al. 2009, p. 6; Kroeger 1983). The health status and health care service in developing countries are determined by the socio economic status and the affordability and utilization of the health facilities (Guru et al. 2015). So, investigation of socioeconomic factors is one of the vital issues in health services in Bangladesh. The effectiveness of a health system depends on the availability and accessibility of services in a form which the people are able to understand, accept and utilize (Islam and Biswas 2014). However, a large number of the people in Bangladesh, particularly in rural areas, remain with little access to health care facilities (Islam and Biswas 2014). Osman (2008) study found that the factors that contribute to poor accessibility of health care in developing countries are illiteracy, poverty, poor funding of the heal...