Abstract. Purpose: to find out girl students' motor abilities, influencing to the largest extent on successfulness of designer's professional functioning. Material: 210 girl students of 18-22 years' age participated in experiment. Results: it was found that all indicators of future designers' professional qualities are closely connected with indicators of definite coordination abilities. High interconnection with kinesthetic indicators and girl students' professional skillfulness were noted. It was determined that quickness, concentration and re-switching of attention were closely connected with attention, operative memory, accuracy of reproduction of received information. Conclusions: for girl students-designers' successful professional progress it is necessary to develop kinesthetic, responding and orientation coordination qualities. These qualities are required for quick and effective solution of professional tasks, connected with accurate perception in the shortest possible time and keeping great volume of space information in memory.
Purpose:determination of correlations between parameters of special and technical fitness of kayak athletes' on 500 meters' distance. Material:in the research 29 elite athletes participated. We studied characteristics of athletes' coordination structure in natural conditions and laboratory experiment. Results:significant influence of specific adaptive reactions on workability dynamic and sport results is noted. Constant reduction of power is connected with lactate, pyruvate and other under-oxidation products' accumulation in athlete's muscles. 500 meters' distance passing in alternative regime of motor activity permits for athletes to achieve higher level of special workability. We studied four variants of 500 meters' competition distance passing. Most of athletes pass this distance by third variant (46% of all tested athletes) 21% -by the first variant; 14% -by second variant and 19% by the forth. Conclusions:achievement of high sport result is facilitated by optimal structure of competition functioning, which corresponds to the following: speed power qualities and special endurance; individual features of athletes; specific of physical qualities' manifestation, when passing definite distance.
Purpose:to determine the efficiency of the cyclist in various tactical options. Material:In the experiments participated athletes (n = 6) of high qualification (mean age -19.8 ± 1.3 years, mean weight -71.4 ± 3.5 kg). As a model of the individual pursuit race at 4 km, a five-minute pedaling on the bicycle ergometer was used. Series of loads was set on the modernized mechanical bicycle ergometer "Monark". The five-minute bicycle ergometer test is similar to the individual pursuit race at 4 km: according to the time of the exercise; on the frequency of pedaling (110-120 rpm); on the frequency of heartbeats. Results:Tactical variants in the pursuit race at 4 km are considered. The total work in a free test was on average 106.38 ± 3.57 kJ. The operating energy consumption is on average for 379.0±16.1 kJ. The operating efficiency (economy) of the exercise attained on average for 28.0 ± 0.75%. This corresponds to the effectiveness of aerobic work of moderate power. The ratio of aerobic and anaerobic contributions to the provision of work was 77.3 and 22.7%. The smallest work was done in a test with step-increasing power. The athletes performed the closest work to the given job in the test with a variable (±15%) operating mode. The shortfall in it was on average for 0.46%. The absence of reliable differences in the economics of the work did not allow us to identify a rational variant of power distribution for an exercise lasting 5 minutes. Conclusions:Tactical options in the pursuit race for 4 km depend on the features of the power systems of the rider. When optimizing tactics, it is necessary to select an individually optimal variant of the distribution of forces at a distance.
Purpose:biomechanical justification of the choice of optimum mode of passing competitive distance of 4 km individual pursuit on track. Material:The qualified cyclists (n=14) participated in researches. The modified stationary cycle "Monark" was used.Cyclists performed work in two modes -"A" and "B". Results:The mode "B" is physiologically more favorable. The mode "B" should be considered as a model of passing a distance in preliminary races of individual pursuit. Work in the mode "A" demands terminal mobilization of organism functions. Work in the mode "A" is more effective in the achievement of sports result. It can be used only once in the final race of competitions. Conclusions:The received data should be considered as a demonstration of specific features of passing a distance in the competitive modes. The tactical variant of competitive program creation is defined by the individual functional state.
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