However, the possibility that this primary-carbon-centered radical is formed by hydrogen abstraction from the terminal group cannot be excluded.Another interesting feature of OGP and DGP sonolysis is shown in Figure 4, b and c. All of the spin-adduct concentrations increase up to a maximum value and then decrease as a function of surfactant concentration. The change in spin-adduct concentration is more pronounced in the case of the secondary-carbon-centered radical adducts. Even though the surface tension decrease is larger in DGP than in OGP solutions, at equal concentrations of surfactants,26 the yields of secondary-carbon-centered radical adducts are similar up to about 1 mM. A sharp decrease in the concentration of these radical adducts is observed near the corresponding cmc regions. This suggests that a possible relation between the rate at which this radical adduct is formed and the cmc could exist.Above the cmc the monomer, which is partitioning into the interface, stays essentially constant in concentration while the micelle formation in the bulk solution increases, thus competing against an increase in the surfactant localization at the interfacial region. This is analogous to what occurs at a "normal" air-water interface in surfactant solutions, where the surface tension levels off after the cmc due to the micellization process.When aqueous solutions of OGP and DGP containing DBNBS-2 were -irradiated in the presence of N20, the ESR spectra shown in Figure 3b, and c were observed. Both ESR spectra showed one main component, which was analyzed as a secondary-carbon-centered radical, DBNBS-í/2-CHR,R2. Both radical yields increased with OGP or DGP concentration and decreased after the cmc. This implies that the observed decrease in the secondary-carbon-centered radical adducts yield after the cmc, during the sonolysis of OGP and DGP, is not due to a decrease in cavitation. The decrease of both radical yields can be explained by the lower rate constants of OH radicals with surfactant above the cmc. Bansal et al.27 and Fendler28 have shown that for several micelle-forming surfactants the rate constants for the reaction with OH radicals are 5-10 times smaller above the cmc than at lower concentrations below the cmc. The viscosities
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