Abstract:In this paper, two-and three-dimensional numerical modeling is applied in order to simulate water flow behavior over the new Niedów barrage in South Poland. The draining capacity of one of the flood alleviation structures (ogee weir) for exploitation and catastrophic conditions was estimated. In addition, the output of the numerical models is compared with experimental data. The experiments demonstrated that the draining capacity of the barrage alleviation scheme is sufficiently designed for catastrophic scenarios if water is flowing under steady flow conditions. Nevertheless, the new cofferdam, which is part of the temporal reconstruction works, is affecting the draining capacity of the whole low-head barrage project.
Climate change in recent years has caused considerable intensification of rainfall, and as a consequence an increase in flood waves flow rate. This article presents the verifying method of the dam overtopping risk under conditions of enlarged volumetric flood flow rates inflowing the storage reservoir. Values of the flow rate peaks were determined on the hydrological observations basis. The course of the hypothetical flood wave hydrograph was determined on the normalization and averaging basis of the 6 historical flood wave hydrographs. The flood routing analysis through the reservoir was numerically performed, with the assumptions of Puls's method, for 6 scenarios with 2 flood flow rates and for 3 initial water levels in the reservoir. On the obtained results basis the dam overtopping hazard level was determined, and the necessity for reservoir water management changes was pointed out.
Due to extreme rainfall in 2010 in the Lusatian Neisse River catchment area (in Poland), a flood event with a return period of over 100 years occurred, leading to the failure of the Niedów dam. The earth-type dam constructed for cooling the Turów power plant was washed away, resulting in the rapid release of nearly 8.5 million m3 of water and the flooding of the downstream area with substantial material losses. Here we analyze the conditions and causes of the dam’s failure, with special attention given to the mechanism and dynamics of the compound breaching process, in which the dam’s upstream slope reinforcement played a specific and remarkable role. The paper also describes a numerical approach for simulating a combined flood event downstream from the dam with the use of a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model (MIKE21). Considering the specific local conditions, i.e., wide floodplain, meandering character of the main channel, embankment overtopping, and available data set, an iterative solution of the unsteady state problem is proposed. This approach enables realistic flood propagation estimates to be delivered, the dam breach outflow to be reconstructed, and several important answers concerning the consequences of the dam’s failure to be provided. Finally, the paper presents the reconstruction of the dam that is more resilient to extreme hydrological conditions under changing climate.
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