A rapid method using the pilot in-line filter to detect any change in coagulation performance was a proposed in this study. This method attempted to detect a change in coagulant dosage and mixing intensity by evaluating the filtrate quality of the in-line filter, which took the rapidly mixed water. Since the response time of this method was less than 10 min, it could be valuable to monitor the coagulation performance. The in-line filter was found more useful without underdrain. The in-line filter was more sensitive to a change in filtrate quality without underdrain than with underdrain. A new method, which combines a jar test with the in-line filter, was proposed to determine the coagulant dosage. This method reflected the actual plant situation more accurately than a jar test.
In this paper, we propose a semiblind multiuser detection framework for asynchronous CDMA. Compared with most existing semiblind/blind detectors, the proposed framework requires a minimum number of previously received signals, which is about the number of interfering signals, and no detection filter converging or subspace separation procedure. The computational complexity and detection delay are therefore much lower. In this framework, a semiblind multiuser signal model is used instead of the widely-discussed conventional multiuser model or subspace-based parametric multiuser signal model. Following this framework, two optimal semiblind linear detectors are developed using the minimum variance unbiased estimation (MVU) and minimum mean squared error (MMSE) estimation criteria. Meanwhile, a multi-window scheme is proposed for simultaneously detecting several bits and a recursively adaptive procedure is developed for further lowering the complexity. After these, the asymptotic multiuser efficiency (AME) of the proposed framework, the comparison between the employed semiblind multiuser signal model and the conventional signal model, and several estimation bounds are discussed. Computer simulation results are presented to support the performance of the proposed semi-blind multiuser detection schemes.
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