Background: Globally, cancer is the second leading cause of death, and it is estimated that over 18·1 million new cases are diagnosed annually. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted almost every aspect of the provision and management of cancer care worldwide. The time-critical nature of COVID-19 diagnosis and the large number of patients requiring hospitalisation necessitated the rerouting of already limited resources available for cancer services and programmes to the care of COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, the stringent social distancing, restricted in-hospital visits and lockdown measures instituted by various governments resulted in the disruption of the oncologic continuum including screening, diagnostic and prevention programmes, treatments and follow-up services as well as research and clinical trial programmes. Materials and Methods: We searched several databases from October 2020 to January 2021 for relevant studies published in English between 2020 and 2021 and reporting on the impact of COVID-19 on the cancer care continuum. This narrative review paper describes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the cancer patient care continuum from screening and prevention to treatments and ongoing management of patients. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted cancer care and the management of cancer services and patients. Nevertheless, the oncology healthcare communities worldwide have done phenomenal work with joint and collaborative efforts, utilising best available evidence-based guidelines to continue to give safe and effective treatments for cancer patients while maintaining the safety of patients, healthcare professionals and the general population. Nevertheless, several healthcare centres are now faced with significant challenges with the management of the backlog of screening, diagnosis and treatment cases. It is imperative that governments, leaders of healthcare centres and healthcare professionals take all necessary actions and policies focused on minimising further system-level delays to cancer screening, diagnosis, treatment initiation and clearing of all backlogs cases from the COVID-19 pandemic in order to mitigate the negative impact on cancer outcomes.
The success of the hospitality industry is dependent on its employees and their management towards the achievement of the organization's objectives. One of the perplexing concerns gripping the hotel industry is the dearth of qualified managerial and non-managerial human resources that drastically affects the job performance of the hotel employees and the organization as a whole. In the hospitality industry, especially hotels, where guests are treated with passion, the employees' organizational citizenship behaviour plays a crucial role to influence their job performance. This study is aimed at investigating the employees' psychological empowerment traits and their organizational citizenship behavior traits that influence their job performance. The conceptual model of the study is based on social exchange theory. The study's propositions will help review the policies of the hotel industry in terms of human resource management, add value to the existing body of literature, and give strategies for managers and supervisors in the hotel industry to achieve the desired performance through their employees.
Zero tolerance starts now: Making nurses' safety a priorityA patient lunges at his nurse, hitting and biting. A coworker unleashes an uncontrolled temper on her fellow nurse. The organization is inattentive to the risks and realities of being harmed by violence on the job. These stories are all too ordinary in the work life of frontline nurses. Advocates for nurse safety and quality of life have long called for stronger laws and regulations to compel healthcare employers to take the necessary steps to protect their premises from violent actors. Now, influential healthcare leaders are beginning to call out workplace violence for its impact on patient care quality.In June 2020, the National Quality Forum released the results of a stakeholder action team to prevent healthcare workplace violence. 1 The team reported that workplace violence can cause organizations to "face direct costs in the form of litigation expenses, medical expenses, and worker compensation, in addition to indirect costs related to low staff morale, Workplace Safety Safety SolutionsPESHKOV/iSTOCK
Background: Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men and it is responsible for about 10% of all cancer mortalities in both American and Canadian men. At present, serum prostate-specific antigen levels remain the most commonly used test to detect prostate cancer, and the standard and definitive diagnosis of the disease is via prostate biopsy. Conventional tissue biopsies are usually invasive, expensive, painful, time-consuming, and unsuitable for screening and need to be consistently evaluated by expert pathologists and have limited repeatability. Consequently, liquid biopsies are emerging as a favourable alternative to conventional tissue biopsies, providing a non-invasive and cost-effective approach for screening, diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of prostate cancer patients. Materials and methods: We searched several databases from August to December 2020 for relevant studies published in English between 2000 and 2020 and reporting on liquid-based biomarkers available in detectable quantities in patient bodily fluid samples. In this narrative review paper, we describe seven novel and promising liquid-based biomarkers that potentially account for individual patient variability as well as used in disease risk assessment, screening for early disease detection and diagnosis, identification of patients’ risk for metastatic disease and subsequent relapse, monitoring patient response to specific treatment and providing clinicians the potential to stratify patients likely to benefit from a particular treatment. Conclusions: The concept of precision medicine from prevention to treatment techniques that take individual patient variability into account will depend on the development of effective clinical biomarkers that interrogate key aberrant pathways potentially targetable with molecular targets or immunologic therapies. Liquid-based biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity for prostate cancer are emerging as minimally invasive, lower risk, readily obtainable and easily repeatable technique for screening for early disease detection and diagnosis, patient stratification at diagnosis into different risk categories, identification of patients’ risk for metastatic disease and subsequent relapse, and real-time monitoring of patient response to specific treatment. Thus, effective liquid-based biomarkers will potentially shift the treatment paradigm of prostate cancer towards more personalised and targeted medicine.
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