The present study is focused on polylactic acid (PLA) blending with bio nanoadditives, such as Tonsil® (clay) and Aerosil®, to obtain nanocomposites for a new generation of food packaging. The basic composition was enhanced using Sorbitan oleate (E494) and Proviplast as plasticizers, increasing the composite samples’ stability and their mechanical strength. Four mixtures were prepared: S1 with Tonsil®; S2 with Aerosil®; S3 with Aerosil® + Proviplast; and S4 with Sabosorb. They were complexly characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, mechanical tests on different temperatures, and absorption of the saline solution. FTIR shows a proper embedding of the filler component into the polymer matrix and DSC presents a good stability at the living body temperature for all prepared samples. Micro and nanostructural aspects were evidenced by SEM and AFM microscopy, revealing that S3 has the most compact and uniform filler distribution and S4 has the most irregular one. Thus, S3 evidenced the best diametral tensile strength and S4 evidenced the weakest values. All samples present the best bending strength at 18 °C and fair values at 4 °C, with the best values being obtained for the S1 sample and the worst for S4. The lack of mechanical strength of the S4 sample is compensated by its best resistance at liquid penetration, while S1 is more affected by the liquid infiltrations. Finally, results show that PLA composites are suitable for biodegradable and disposable food packages, and the desired properties could be achieved by proper adjustment of the filler proportions.
Although polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a champion of recycling, intense research is being done to find new solutions for using recycled plastic. This study aims to characterize the mechanical and structural properties (SEM-scanning electron microscopy) of products made from recycled metal swarf or mesh wire with recycled plastic (PET) in comparison with virgin plastic. Samples manufactured from virgin and recycled PET are made by pressing and high temperature. The loss of mechanical properties of products made from recycled plastic is a major drawback that influences their use. SEM images confirm that the dispersion and distribution of the PET phase is not very uniform. By addition of virgin plastic in various compositions with recycled plastic, processing parameters and mechanical properties can be optimized.
This study was concerned with the adhesion of resin cement to metal surfaces obtained by selective laser melting process (SLM), and how it could be improved the bond strength at the biocomposite-metal junction. The SLM substrates were manufactured out of pure titanium (Ti), Ti6Al7Nb, and CoCr alloys. The metallic surfaces were covered with 5 types of biocomposites: 2 commercially resin-modified glass-ionomer cements (GC Fuji Plus and KETAC CEM) and 3 types of in-house developed materials. These biocomposites were mechanical characterized under compression and bending trials. The biocomposites-metal adhesion was settled both on as built metallic surfaces and after they were sandblasted with alumina. All the sandblasted SLM surfaces presented higher adhesion strength in comparison with the untreated specimens. The CoCr specimens show the highest bonding value. Additionally, the morphological aspects of joining interfaces were investigated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The mechanical properties and metal adhesion of these biocomposites were influenced by the liquid powder ratio. It is essential to apply a surface treatment on SLM substrate to achieve a stronger bond. Also, the chemical composition of biocomposite is a major factor which may improve the adhesion of it on different metallic substrates.
Innovations in the industry have also proved to be quite impressive in the medical field, where another approach is needed due to the need for personalization. Due to femoral fractures, it is not just enough to stabilize the bone, but also to have the integration of the implant with the host bone. Thisresearch is intended to undertake studies on the redesign of the distal femoral plate. The redesign had been elaborated to increase the number of people who are compatible with this type of femoral plate and also, to improve the physico-mechanical and biological properties toward to a commercial distal femoral plate made of type 316L stainless steel. Within SolidWorks software, a static simulation has been run after there have been defined restraints, external loads, and a mesh. The parameters were similar to those after the implantation. Taking this reason into consideration, the final results will be improved by modifying plate’s material from 316L to titanium alloy Ti6Al7Nb to increase the capability and biocompatibility. Moreover, the geometry of the distal femoral plate changes to decrease theweight and time of osteosynthesis. The final implant is parametrized 3D models that handle all day-to-day activities and has a weight 50% lower than that of the commercial implant.
Abstract. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) based nanocomposites containing nano-silica (Aerosil (Degusa)) and titanium oxide (TiO2 (Merk)) were prepared by melt compounding. Influence of nano-silica and titanium oxide on properties of the resulting nanocomposites was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The possible interaction between nano-silica and titanium oxide particles with PET functional groups at bulk and surface was elucidated by transmission of FTIR-ATR spectroscopy. AFM studies of the resulting nanocomposites showed an increased surface roughness compared to pure PET. SEM images illustrated that nano-silica particles have tendency to migrate to the surface of the PET matrix much more than titanium oxide powder.
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