Fungi associated with marine sponge Haliclona fascigera has shown a promising source in the search for new antimicrobial compounds. We have isolated 25 endophytic fungi from the sponge, which were cultured in Sabouraud Dextrose Broth (SDB) for 4 weeks at 25-27ºC. The ethyl acetate extracts of the isolates-broth were then tested for its antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans by using agar diffusion method. The zone of inhibition was measured and expressed in millimeters. There were 8 isolates of the fungi that considered active to Staphylococcus aureus, i.e. HF2 isolate (14,5 mm), HF8 isolate (12,5 mm), HF9 isolate (14 mm), HF13 isolate (16,5 mm), HF14 isolate (11 mm), HF19 isolate (14,5 mm), HF21 isolate (14,5 mm), HF22 isolate (13 mm), and 1 isolate active to C. albicans, i.e. HF16 isolate (12,5 mm). The identification of the bioactive fungi isolates was done by comparing its macroscopic and microscopic characteristic based on literature. From the study, it can be concluded that fungi associated with marine sponge Haliclona fascigera possesses potentially antimicrobial activity which might be due to the presence of bioactive metabolite compounds.

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most significant risk factor for the cause of cervical cancer. The purpose of this study for identification of HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 45 and 52 in cervical cancer patients. HPV is a row of high-risk HPV types that can cause cervical cancer. Total sample of 78 diisolat DNA derived from FFPE, cervical smears and cervical cancer fresh tissue obtained from Dr. Dr. M. Djamil, Padang and hospitals. Arifin Achmad, Pekanbaru. HPV DNA detection is done by using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using universal primers GP5 +/6 +. HPV types were identified by PCR with specific primers. Total sample types obtained with concentrations varying between 0.9 to 645 ng / ml with purity DNA in accordance with the specified purity for PCR amplification. The results of the study of 78 patients with cervical cancer samples, 42 samples (54%) identified HPV DNA. HPV type 18 is more dominant and followed by HPV type 16 as compared to the other types, namely the percentage of 40.4% and 28.5%. HPV type 45 (7.1%), HPV type 52 (2.3%) and HPV 31 and HPV type 33 was not detected. ABSTRAK: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) merupakan faktor resiko yang paling signifikan penyebab dari kanker serviks. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk identifikasi tipe HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 45 dan 52 pada pasien kanker serviks. HPV tipe ini merupakan deretan HPV tipe high risk yang dapat menyebabkan kanker serviks. Total sampel sebanyak 78 diisolat DNAl yang berasal dari FFPE, apusan serviks dan jaringan segar kanker serviks yang diperoleh dari RSUP. Dr. M Djami., Padang dan RSUD. Achmad Arifin, Pekanbaru. Deteksi DNA HPV dilakukan dengan menggunakan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) menggunakan primer universal GP5+/6+. Tipe HPV yang diidentifikasi dengan metode PCR dengan primer spesifik. Total tipe sampel yang didapat bervariasi dengan konsentrasi antara 0,9-645 ng/ml dengan kemurnian DNA sesuai dengan kemurnian yang ditetapkan untuk amplifikasi PCR. Hasil penelitian dari 78 sampel penderita kanker serviks, 42 sampel (54 %) teridentifikasi DNA HPV. HPV type 18 lebih mendominasi dan disusul HPV type 16 dibandingkan dengan type lainnya yaitu dengan persentase 40,4 % dan 28,5%. HPV type 45 (7,1%), HPV type 52 (2,3%) dan HPV 31 dan HPV type 33 tidak terdeteksi.

Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that has an innate resistance to some antibiotics. This bacterium is one of the most common causes of nosocomial infections that include surgical wound infections, burns, and urinary tract infections. The bacteria have been reportedly resistant to many antibiotics and have developed multidrug resistance (MDR). The objective of the study was to determine the resistance pattern of P. aeruginosa isolated from clinical samples of patients against some major antibiotics. Methods:Isolates of P. aeruginosa were obtained from clinical sample of urine, sputum, swabs, pus, feces, and blood and cultured in cetrimide agar. P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 was used as a positive control. The antibacterial susceptibility testing was conducted against 13 antibiotics: Ceftazidime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefoperazone, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, gentamicin, amikacin, piperacillin, ticarcillin, meropenem, and imipenem. The examination was carried out using agar diffusion method of Kirby-Bauer and following the standards from Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Results:The results showed that bacterial resistance was established against all tested antibiotics. The highest number of resistance was shown against ceftriaxone (44.21%), whereas the most susceptibility was exhibited against amikacin (only 9.47% of resistance). MDR P. aeruginosa (MDRPA) was detected on almost all clinical samples tested, except the feces. The sample with the highest percentage of MDRPA was the pus. Conclusion:The study concludes that the most effective antibiotic against P. aeruginosa is amikacin (91.51%), whereas the most resistance is exhibited to ceftriaxone (43.16%).

To continue the study of Sumatran lichen, six species of the genus Cladonia were screened for phytochemicals and their antibacterial bioactivity. The procedure included sequential extraction (semi polar solvent), antibacterial activity tests using the agar diffusion method, and microdilution to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of each extract. The study also involved the thin layer chromatography (TLC)-bioautography method and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis (in positive mode), which aimed to provide information about the composition and activity of individual components of the extracts that have an antibacterial effect. The test results indicated that all studied Cladonia lichen semipolar extracts had an antibacterial effect, while five of them had very strong bacterial growth inhibition activity (MIC range values 2.5 to 10 mg/mL). Additionally, the identities of compounds found in lichen with broad inhibition, which include the depside and depsidone groups, were confirmed by LC-MS/MS. Based on existing test data, C. scabriuscula, C. crispata, C. rappii, and C. macilenta are potential antibacterial candidates.

DAGUSIBU (Dapatkan, Gunakan, Simpan, Buang) merupakan bagian dari Gerakan Keluarga Sadar Obat (GKSO) yang diprakarsai Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia (IAI) dalam mencapai pemahaman dan kesadaran masyarakat, khususnya pada ibu – ibu terhadap penggunaan obat dengan benar. Kegiatan penyuluhan Peduli Edukasi ObatDAGUSIBU memiliki tujuan membantu masyarakat setempat,khususnya ibu - ibu dalam pengelolaan obat baik di lingkungan keluarga maupun masyarakat secara umum. Penyuluhan dilakukan dengan metode pemberdayaan masyarakat partisipatif, yaitu metode yang menekankan keterlibatan masyarakat pada rangkaian kegiatan. Kegiatan penyuluhan berjalan dengan lancar dan sukses. Berdasarkan obersevasi, terdapat peningkatan pemahaman dan pengetahuan ibu ibu PKK menjawab dengan benar pertanyaan dari tim penyuluh.