In this paper, we propose a new phased array calibration method that measures all antenna element excitations simultaneously. The method has the minimum number of measurements among the known similar methods. The auxiliary antenna used for measurement is placed in either near-field or far-field region to receive the complex array signals during the change of the antenna element phase settings. According to the superposition principle of electromagnetic field, a set of linear equations concerning the element signals are created with the measured array signals. With the scattering parameters between the measurement probe antenna and the element antennas pre-stored or simplified, we calculate the excitations of the antenna elements by solving the linear equations. The coefficient matrix of the linear equations determines the antenna element phase settings for the array signal measurements. The principles for the selection of the coefficient matrix concerning accuracy, complexity and hardware requirements are presented. A recursive matrix-forming method is presented for the matrix selection in this paper. Numerical simulations and experiment results validated the effectiveness of the proposed method.

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In this letter, a single-fed low-profile high-gain circularly polarized slotted cavity antenna using a high-order cavity mode, i.e. TE 440 mode, is proposed. The proposed antenna has a simple structure which consists of a radiating linearly polarized slotted cavity antenna and a linear-to-circular polarization converter. An antenna prototype operating at WLAN 5.8 GHz band fabricated with low-cost standard printed circuit board (PCB) process is exemplified to validate the proposed concept. Measured results compared to their simulated counterparts are presented, and a good agreement between simulation and measurement is obtained.