Cytogenetic studies in birds are still scarce compared to other vertebrates. Woodcreepers (Dendrocolaptidae) are part of a highly specialized group within the Suboscines of the New World. They are forest birds exclusive to the Neotropical region and similar to woodpeckers, at a comparable evolutionary stage. This paper describes for the first time the karyotypes of the Olivaceous and the Narrow-billed Woodcreeper using conventional staining with Giemsa and silver nitrate staining of the nucleolar organizer regions (Ag-NORs). Metaphases were obtained by fibular bone marrow culture. The chromosome number of the Olivaceous Woodcreeper was 2n = 82 and of the Narrow-billed Woodcreeper, 2n = 82. Ag-NORs in the largest macrochromosome pair and evidence of a chromosome inversion are described herein for the first time for this group.
RESUMOO paradigma da relação inversa velocidade-acurácia foi analisado em dois experimentos, através da lei de Fitts, em tarefas simuladas em computador. O experimento I analisou a tarefa de contornar figuras geométricas (triângulo, quadrado e círculo), manipulando o perímetro da figura e a espessura da linha e fornecendo índices de dificuldade (ID) entre 1,25 e 2,15 bits. O experimento II analisou a tarefa de traçar linhas, manipulando o comprimento, a espessura e o ângulo de inclinação da linha (0º, 45º, 90º, 135º e 180º), fornecendo IDs entre 3,5 e 7,5 bits. Uma regressão linear analisou a relação entre tempo de movimento (TM) e os IDs. Foram verificados coeficientes de determinação superiores a 0,9 (R 2 > 0,9) para a relação TM x ID no experimento I e II. Tais resultados forneceram suporte para a lei de Fitts no desempenho das tarefas simuladas em computador de contornar figuras geométricas e de traçar linhas. ABSTRACTSpeed-accuracy trade-off was analyzed in two experiments, through Fitts´ law, in tasks simulated by computer. Experiment I analyzed the task of drawing geometric figures (triangle, square, and circle), in which it figure perimeter and line thickness were manipulated, providing index of difficulties (ID) between 1,25 and 2,15 bits. Experiment II analyzed the task of trace lines, in which it line size, line thickness, and line inclination angle (0º, 45º, 90º, 135º, and 180º) were manipulated, providing IDs between 3,5 and 7,5 bits. A linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between movement time (MT) and task's ID. Determination coefficients higher than 0,9 (R² > 0,9) for the association TM x ID in experiments I and II were verified. Such results provided support for Fitts' law on the performance of the computer simulated tasks of drawing geometric figures and trace lines.
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