The coagulation behavior of aluminum salts in a eutrophic source water was investigated from the viewpoint of Al-(III) hydrolysis species transformation. Particular emphasis was paid to the coagulation effect of Al 13 species on removing particles and organic matter. The coagulation behavior of Al coagulants with different basicities was examined through jar tests and hydrolyzed Al(III) speciation distribution characterization in the coagulation process. The results showed that the coagulation efficiency of Al coagulants positively correlated with the content of Al 13 in the coagulation process rather than in the initial coagulants. Aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 ) was more effective than polyaluminum chloride (PACl) in removing turbidity and dissolved organic matter in eutrophic water because AlCl 3 could not only generate Al 13 species but also function as a pH control agent in the coagulation process. The solidstate 27 Al NMR spectra revealed that the precipitates formed from AlCl 3 and PACl were significantly different and proved that the preformed Al 13 polymer was more stable than the in situ formed one during the coagulation process. Through regulating Al speciation, pH control could improve the coagulation process especially in DOC removal, and AlCl 3 benefited most from pH control.

Renal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury is a common clinical syndrome. Cell-based therapy provides a promising option to promote renal repair after IR injury. However, several challenges still remain because of the potential risks during cell culture, low retention rate after transplantation, and unclear effect on the progression of chronic kidney disease. Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) is considered as an attractive cell source. This study demonstrated that preischemic administration of uncultured SVF could increase cell retention and then improve renal function and structure at both early and long-term stage after IR, which may provide a novel therapeutic approach for IR injury.

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Millimeter-wave/Terahertz (mmW/THz) communications have shown great potential for wideband massive access in next-generation cellular internet of things (IoT) networks. To decrease the length of pilot sequences and the computational complexity in wideband massive access, this paper proposes a novel joint activity detection and channel estimation (JADCE) algorithm. Specifically, after formulating JADCE as a problem of recovering a simultaneously sparse-group and low rank matrix according to the characteristics of mmW/THz channel, we prove that jointly imposing l0 norm and low rank on such a matrix can achieve a robust recovery under sufficient conditions, and verify that the number of measurements derived for the mmW/THz wideband massive access system is significantly smaller than currently known measurements bound derived for the conventional simultaneously sparse and low-rank recovery. Furthermore, we propose a multi-rank aware method by exploiting the quotient geometry of product of complex rank-Lmax matrices with the maximum number of scattering clusters Lmax. Theoretical analysis and simulation results confirm the superiority of the proposed algorithm in terms of computational complexity, detection error rate, and channel estimation accuracy.