The Islamic and the Nusantara tradition shows that Ramadan is always welcomed with joy. Therefore, Ramadan is related to happiness. This quantitative research analyzes how changes in happiness occur as the coming of Ramadan. The respondents are 117 muslims adult who have received pesantren education. The results showed that significant differences in positive emotions between weeks 3, 2, and 1 before the coming of Ramadan. Meanwhile, negative emotions did not show a significant decrease. Then, the correlation test results show there is a positive correlation between the arrival of Ramadan with positive emotions. Meanwhile, the correlation test was negative with negative emotions. This research proves the coming of the month of Ramadan associated with increasing happiness of a muslim.
Millennial urban Muslims represent the trend of hijrah in Indonesia. Given that the urban millennial community has adequate Internet access. In addition, hijrah for them is not only present as a spiritual phenomenon but has also become a trend and lifestyle. Hijrah has become a more aggressive phenomenon in urban areas than in rural areas. This article will describe hijrah society, not only in real daily social life but also through social media on the Instagram platform with the hashtag hijrah (#hijrah). This study uses a qualitative method with a virtual ethnographic approach and uses social media space. The trend of hijrah that is displayed contains many meanings and various expressions. First, hijrah is a persuasive tool to make accounts more popular and business, spreading social-religious values. Second, hijrah is the meaning of selfexistence. Urban Muslims use social media as a tool to express their religious identity through content with the hashtag hijrah (#hijrah). Third, as a form of self-change. In religious education, in dress, behavior, attitude, and embodiment of a harmonious family. Fourth, hijrah represents the proliferation of Islamic groups and movements, especially the Salafi community and some students (santri).
The representation of the meaning of the expression of hijrah in the space of urban society is not only present in natural daily social life spaces but also in virtual spaces. The meaning of the expression hijrah in this study was traced through the hashtag hijrah (#hijrah). Hijrah is an interesting socio-religious phenomenon observed in urban Muslim communities. Hijrah between them is not just a spiritual phenomenon but has developed into a lifestyle trend. Hijrah has also developed into a social movement that forms a strong group identity. Through the virtual ethnographic method and the social representation theory approach, it was found that the expression of hijrah displayed on Instagram contains many meanings. First, hijrah is a persuasive tool in a business context, building account popularity and spreading religious values. Second, hijrah is a representation of self-existence. Urban communities express their physical and mental religious identity through content with #hijrah. Third, the expression through #hijrah also represents the values of self-change in terms of style of dress, changes in pious behaviour with a high sense of spirituality, positive changes in social behaviour, the realization of a harmonious family, and sensitivity to religious education and religious history. Fourth, #hijrah represents the movement of an Islamic group, especially the Salafi community. Representasi makna ekspresi hijrah dalam ruang masyarakat urban tidak hanya hadir dalam ruang kehidupan sosial nyata sehari-hari, tetapi juga melalui ruang virtual. Makna ekspresi hijrah dalam penelitian ini ditelusuri melalui melalui hashtag hijrah (#hijrah). Hijrah merupakan fenomena sosial keagamaan yang menarik diamati pada masyarakat muslim urban. Hijrah di antara mereka tidak hanya sekedar fenomena spiritual, tetapi telah berkembang menjadi tren gaya hidup. Hijrah pun telah berkembang menjadi gerakan sosial yang membentuk identitas kelompok yang kuat. Melalui metode etnografi virtual dan pendekatan teori representasi sosial, didapatkan bahwa ekspresi hijrah yang ditampilkan melalui instagram mengandung banyak makna. Pertama, hijrah merupakan alat persuasif dalam konteks bisnis, membangun popularitas akun, hingga menyebarkan nilai-nilai keagamaan. Kedua, hijrah merupakan representasi eksistensi diri. Masyarakat urban perkotaan menuangkan identitas diri yang religius, baik secara fisik maupun batin, melalui konten-konten dengan #hijrah. Ketiga, ekspresi melalui #hijrah juga merepresentasikan nilai-nilai perubahan diri dalam hal gaya berpakaian, perubahan perilaku shaleh dengan rasa spiritualitas yang tinggi, perubahan perilaku sosial yang positif, perwujudan keluarga harmonis, serta kepekaan terhadap pendidikan agama dan sejarah agama. Keempat, #hijrah merepresentasikan gerakan suatu kelompok Islam, utamanya komunitas salafi.
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