Studies were made from 1965-1970 within the Kampinos National Park forests near Warsaw and surrounding area, for the purpose of ascertaining the possibility of limiting the amount of damage caused by w ild boar, Sus scrofa. Linnaeus, 1758 on commercial land. The purpose of managing the population was to bring about a greater num ber of older individuals. The population was regularly supplied with supplementary food, records were kept of the degree to which use was made of the food, feeding times, along with damage done by the ani mals to crops. A total o f 507 individuals was marked, obtaining 2640 captures and 6180 separate observations. The supply of food brought about an increase in population numbers from about 30 to 250 animals (within an area of approx. 2.5 thousand ha of wooded land), follow ed by a decrease of about 50-70 individuals. The population consisted of settled and migrating (ephemeral) individuals. Some of the individuals were found to migrate over a considerable distances (over 250 km). The number of females in the population exceeded the number of males, particularly in the older age classes. Increase in population numbers resulted in the animals feeding on supplementary food during the day time hours also. Consumption of supplementary food decreased damages in spite of increasing the population numbers. The wild boar caused
The food supply of two populations of Clethrionomys glareolus (Sehreber, 1780): one living in forest on a 4 ha lake island, and the other inhabiting an open forest, was exprimentally increased by supplying oats ad libitum for a period of two years. The food was supplied in wooden boxes, which on the island were arranged in a grid of squares, each 15X15 m. In the open forest the boxes were placed on two plots each of 2.7 ha: (1) intensive supplementation with the grid of boxes 7.5X15 m, and (2) extensive supplementation with the grid of boxes 30X30 m. Population parameters were estimated by the CMR method each individual being marked. Food supplementation caused intensive winter reproduction to such extent that 50% of individuals found in the spring were born during the winter. On the other hand, food supplementation did not affect winter survival, although a few individuals (females) survived two winters. During the winter, sexually active males were heavier than females. The individuals born during the winter promptly become sexually active. A result of the increased food supply was that the population numbers in the spring were 2 to 4 times higher than in control years. A similar situation was observed in the autumn. Hence the food carrying capacity of the habitat is a significant factor affecting the numbers of small forest rodents despite the fact that, as indicated by energy balance studies, they utilize only a small part of food available in the ecosystem.
Processes oi Incoming, Settlement and Disappearance oi Individuals and Variations in the Numbers of Small Rodents Procesy nachodzenia, osiedlania się i ubywania osobników a dynamika liczebności drobnych gryzoni [With 10 Figs. & 22 Tables] 3 90.
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