Resumopresente trabalho tem como objetivo propor um modelo para avaliar o processo de orçamentação na construção civil. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter exploratório, baseada em um estudo de caso realizado em uma construtora brasileira. Como instrumento de intervenção foi utilizada a Metodologia Multicritério de Apoio à Decisão Construtivista (MCDA-C), a qual permitiu identificar, organizar, mensurar e integrar os fatores necessários e suficientes, quando da avaliação de um orçamento, segundo a percepção do decisor em questão. O trabalho faz uma revisão de literatura sobre avaliação de desempenho e o gerenciamento de projetos no contexto de obras de construção civil. É apresentado o desenvolvimento do modelo construído para apoio à decisão, o qual permitiu ao gerente de engenharia avaliar o desempenho de um orçamento, identificando os fatores que causam desvios, a fim de eliminar ou minimizar suas causas, além de servir de base para propostas de melhorias no processo de orçamentação.
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To expand knowledge of a search on a particular topic or to gather a significant sample of information that allows the researcher to identify and analyze the current state of knowledge on a topic, this paper presents a structured process for the selection of academic papers, evidence of papers' relevance through bibliometric analysis, and analysis of the papers' contents to identify gaps in the knowledge related to the theme under consideration and the objectives of the researcher. Starting from an interest in identifying and analyzing valuation models and risk management applied to the construction industry and using the Knowledge Development Process-Constructivist (ProKnow-C), this research identified 12,032 articles in thirteen academic databases. In its subsequent steps, the ProKnow-C allowed, in a process of continuous selection, the choice of the 23 articles that presented quantitative or qualitative risk management models developed for the construction industry. The relevance of this set of papers was demonstrated by bibliometric analysis. The content of the articles was systematically analyzed from ten research lenses based on the concepts of risk, risk management, and performance measurement adopted by the researchers, representing their research vision. The results of the systematic analysis demonstrated that risk management is a broad and complex subject, especially when its management aims to both avoid/minimize risk and guide the organization to a level where the risks can be transformed into competitive advantages. The analysis revealed the unique character of risk perception, indicating that models developed in one context are suitable only for that context. Thus, the use of ProKnow-C facilitated the acquisition of knowledge and enabled the researcher to identify numerous research opportunities, which, if included in the development of a new model, would allow this R. C. de Azevedo et al. 368 model to be used as an instrument that is legitimate and valid for the measurement, assessment, and management of risk, enabling the company to achieve competitive advantages in the market.
Advances and innovations in science and engineering have been increasingly supported by nanotechnology, and the modification of cementitious materials by nanoengineering is an expanding field. With this perspective, this paper aims to elucidate the behavior of steel bars in concrete with the addition of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as a function of the characteristics of the cement-based material, the dispersion techniques and dosage of CNTs, the bond tests and specimen geometry, and the rebar characteristics. To reach this proposed goal, the ProKnow-C methodology was applied to select the most relevant publications from the last ten years, and then seven articles were fully analyzed. The results of the present systematic review of the literature revealed both consolidated knowledge and gaps to be filled in future research, as the need to study the chemical effect of adding these nanomaterials for improving steel–concrete adhesion, the bonding of thin bars in concrete, and the real influence of anchorage length on the steel–concrete bond, regardless of the use of CNTs, is vital.
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