Today's society is increasingly susceptible to global economic crisis. The energy is still extremely dependent on oil, whose extraction scenarios usually have great complexity. The technology in the oil industry has undergone a vertiginous development in recent times. Advances in information, data and telecommunications have been reflected in the connectivity of systems and people with tremendous impacts on improvements of operational and business decisions. In this context, came to light an important movement of Integrated Operations (IO), which has systematized the implementation of this concept in the oil and gas operators and service providers. Each company has created its program, with peculiarities and challenges. This paper, including an intensive literature search, analyzed the objectives, concepts and architectures of Integrated Operations deployments in five major operators. Through a reference framework, the differences and similarities of these models were discussed. There was also an analysis in recent bibliography in order to better understand the value for Integrated Operations.

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The current economic situation is pushing the oil industry toward higher efficiency and safety, demanding different ways of work. Optimization is an increasingly important issue, which involves technology, sharing of real-time information, collaboration, and the application of multiple expertise across disciplines, organizations, and geographical locations. In this way, companies are introducing Integrated Operations to redesign and optimize many work processes. To address this challenging scenario, Petrobras, the Brazilian oil operator, decided to optimize the collaborative environments of its drilling centers which are critical for well construction, to introduce integration and improve efficiency. This article presents a methodological approach that is applicable across the oil industry, including a survey of drilling centers to document perceptions concerning the key Integrated Operations components: people, process, technology and organization. This approach applied an intensive assessment. The applicability and scalability of this methodology are reinforced by inclusion of statistical analysis of questionnaire responses. The study results were used to implement a unique collaborative environment that has decreased operating time and facilitated future operational improvements. The research pointed to positive impacts on both, the safety and performance aspects. The preliminary results are promising. For an example, it was observed a 7.25% decrease in time required for a casing run.

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The article discusses innovative mechanisms of democratic participation arising from Brazilian public policy that articulate relations between government, the private sector, and civil society on questions of territorial development. It focuses on the possibilities and limitations for democratic rearrangements of public spaces and the creation of new participatory tools and languages of public action for the promotion of public policy. The discussion is based on the experience of the city of Belo Horizonte's regionalization led by the municipal government in 2011, in which, the city was divided into 40 areas called "Shared Management Territories." The process, guidelines, and methods are described, and the different cases of dispute, conflict, and cooperation are analyzed to understand the languages of social action and the effects of territorial logic; these work in the construction of spaces and tools, enabling actors to enlarge their political participation, demand, and propose adjustments to public policy.

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The article examines some changes in the spatial structure of employment in Brazil, from demographic data from the last two censuses. The analysis is based on the configuration of the urban network by information disaggregated by size classes of municipalities. The results show that medium-sized cities sedimented trends previously observed: the protagonists are of great weight in the internalization process of urbanization, the spread reaching effects on the spatial structure of employment in the city network. The growth of the urban services sector and changes in the configuration of the main incomes of working men and women are particularly aspects explored in the analysis.

Esse estudo tem como objetivo a análise comparada de mudanças nos níveis de ocupação e renda nos mercados de trabalho de regiões metropolitanas (RMs) do Nordeste e Sudeste. Para tanto foram discriminadas as populações de trabalhadores migrantes e não-migrantes residentes nos núcleos e periferias das RMs de Fortaleza e de Recife vis-à-vis os residentes das RMs de São Paulo e do Rio de Janeiro entre 2000 e 2010, segundo classes de renda e estratificação da condição de pobreza e extrema pobreza. Os resultados indicam que houve melhora generalizada das condições de remuneração dos trabalhadores migrante e não-migrante, não obstante a aceleração do processo de urbanização das últimas décadas há evidências de maior inserção ocupacional dos dois grupos populacionais, com a supremacia dos migrantes sobre os não-migrantes em termos de renda mediana auferida no trabalho segundo dados censitários. A perspectiva de que a expansão da ocupação e renda traga benefícios ao padrão habitacional de periferias metropolitanas não deve ser negligenciada em análises subsequentes, que explorem outras características dos domicílios, sobretudo se houver continuidade de ganhos de remuneração sustentados por conjunturas econômicas de crescimento no decorrer da atual década.