Obat Pahit is a potion that has been long commonly consumed by Lingga Malay society for generations as stamina keeper. The most dominant plants found in the packaging of the Obat Pahit were namely Bauhunia semibifida, Cnestis palala and Penawa Root (3 species). This research aimed to investigate and determine activity of antioxidant contents in Obat Pahit from five Traditional Medicine Practitioners (TMPs) in the district of Lingga. The tested samples were mashed then being soaked into 2 types of solvent: distilled water and methanol, containing HCl 1%. DPPH method was also used in this research. Quantitatively antioxidant activity test of Obat Pahit from the five TMPs by using methanol solvent had extremely highest activity compared to the distilled water solvent. The test, using TLC plate by spraying the extract from three dominant plants with 0.1 mM of DPPH solution, produced a pale-yellow spots at a wavelength of 366 nm. On the other hand, the test using HPLC at wavelengths of 230 nm and 280 nm showed the presence of two dominant secondary metabolites contents: flavonoid and phenolic. IC50 (ppm) of Bauhinia semibifida (6.6247), Penawa Root (5.0124) and Cnestis palala (5.9968) were much lower than IC50 of mangosteen's rind (41.7675), vitamin C (6.6612) and Stimuno drug (8.333). This antioxidant analysis has not been reported previously. This proof contributed greatly to uncovering potentially native natural resources as an indigenous Indonesian drug which is expected to decrease dependence on imported drugs especially imunomodulator, antihypertensive, antidiabet etc. This research would be beneficial and excellent manifestation for the development of natural antioxidant-based medicines from traditional knowledge of Indonesia's local ethnicities.
The target becomes a self-reliant village must be accompanied by strengthening village ability in supplying the basic needs independently. Vegetables are one of the crucial basic needs to achieve a healthy and prosperous society. The demand for vegetables in Sungai Bawang Village, Kuantan Singingi Regency, is constrained by the available land for vegetable farming. Hydroponic planting system offers the technique without soil that can be implemented anywhere. It has added value in providing clean and hygienic vegetables. Hydroponics technology system of Deep Flow Technique able to provide water and oxygen for plants and suitable for leafy vegetables. Hydroponic is appropriate to be implemented in Sungai Bawang village and did not require huge land in applying this technology. The mentoring strategy is carried out by counseling and demonstration of direct planting stages and the practice by the community. This activity gave a positive influence on the community as well as many people who want to apply this technology. This was the first step in increasing the income of the community, especially farmers. And for the community in general, this technology facilitates the people to get vegetables easily at an affordable price.
Background: New findings on the potential of wild mangoes from the island of Sumatra as a source of antioxidant helps their conservation effort as it introduces their useful compounds to the public. This study aims to analyze the antioxidant profile and quantification of gallic acid and quercetin content from leaves and bark of Sumatran wild mangoes. Exploration and analysis of phytochemical constituents from 11 Sumatran wild mangoes was performed. Methods: Antioxidant activity of wild mangoes was analysed with 1,1- diphenyl-2-picryl hydroxyl (DPPH), and determination of quercetin and gallic acid content was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Total flavonoid and phenolic analysis was also performed. Curve fitting analysis used a linear regression approach. Results: The highest level of antioxidant activity, phenolic compound and flavonoid compound was found in the leaves and bark of Mangifera sp1. (MBS), the bark of M. foetida 3 (var. batu) and leaves of M. torquenda, and the bark and leaves of M. sumatrana, respectively. The content of gallic acid in leaves ranged from 5.23-35.48 mg/g dry weight. Quercetin content of wild mangoes leaves ranged from 0.76 to 1.16 mg/g dry weight with the lowest value in M. foetida 2 (var. manis) and the highest in M. laurina. Conclusion: The results obtained are expected to be useful in supporting the development of drugs that have antidegenerative effects.
Diarrhea is one of the major health problems in Indonesia. Lingga Malay ethnic in Riau archipelago use alternative medicines in a form of a obat pahit potion to treat diarrhea. This research aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of obat pahit extraction against Escherichia coli ATCC 11775, Salmonella ATCC 14028 and Shigella flexneri ATCC 12022. Antibacterial activity can be seen with the formation of inhibitory zone using diffusion method. The extract concentration used were 100%, 75%, 50% and 25%. Based on the antibacterial activity test, the largest inhibitory zone against E. coli was found at 100% Cnestis palala extract of 8.29 mm and the smallest inhibitory zone was found at 25% traditional medicine practioner (TMP) 2 SP4 of 5.73 mm. The more over, the largest inhibitory zone to S. was found at 100% Bauhinia semibifida of 8.81 mm; and the smallest inhibitory zone was found at 50% TMP 2 SP4 of 6.30 mm. Antibacterial activity with the largest inhibitory zone against S. flexneri at 75% C. palala of 6.21 mm and the smallest inhibitory zone was found at 50% TMP 2 SP4 of 5.62 mm.
Abstract. Fitmawati, Sofiyanti N, Roza RM, Isnaini, Hazimi H, Irawan YS, Winata DR, Dewi APK. 2017. Traditional medicinal formulation: Obat pahit from Lingga Malay Ethnic in Riau Archipelago, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1196-1200. Lingga Malay Ethnic is the native ethnicity in the Lingga District, Riau Archipelago, Indonesia. This ethnic still holds strong beliefs of their ancestors, such as the use of medicinal plants. One ingredient that is still used today is obat pahit as a body fitness keeper. The aim of this research was to inventory the kinds of medicinal plants used by Lingga Malay ethnicity in obat pahit potions. This research was conducted using survey and observation methods on the packaging of obat pahit. Interviews were held on Traditional Medicine Practitioners (TMP) of 5 (five) people TMPs using a questionnaire form. The research results during the interview and observation of TMPs in the packaging of obat pahit showed the differences in number and kinds of plants of each TMP. The interview results which were obtained 2 plant species were listed from Kalan TMP; SP4 TMP is about 12 species of plants; Linau TMP is 14 species of plants; Resun TMP is 7 species of plants; and Musai TMP is 14 species of plants. The dominant medicinal plants that are used on this study were Bauhinia semibifida, Cnestis sp. and Cnestis palala.
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