Poliomyelitis virus was isolated from the blood of 6 of 33 individuals infected with a Type 1 strain. Of the 27 negative for viremia, 18 already had Type 1 antibodies. Type 1 virus was isolated from the throat swabs of all 6 who had viremia, and from the 5 rectal swabs tested. These specimens were all collected at the same time as the positive blood specimens. The clinical circumstances under which viremia was detected included the minor illness, the asymptomatic infection, and one instance in which the virus was isolated several days before the onset of a mild non-paralytic attack. In one instance, virus was isolated from a blood specimen which also contained Type 1 antibodies. The possible role of viremia in the pathogenesis of poliomyelitis is discussed.

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Delayed hypersensitivity to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in patients with disease from the clinical spectrum of hepatitis and in controls was examined by an indirect assay of macrophage migration inhibitory factor. Activity was demonstrated in cases of acute or persistently active hepatitis. Steroids and pregnancy had a suppressive effect. Samples from a patient with transfusion-related HBsAg hepatitis were also assayed. A broad clinical spectrum of disease is associated with the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the blood. It has been suggested that the host's immune response is related to the clinical type of disease [1-4]. Delayed hypersensitivity, a cellular immune response to antigenic stimulation, is recognized as an important immunological phenomenon in the pathogenesis and/or prevention of many diseases. Skin testing has been the classical method of studying delayed hypersensitivity to many antigens in animals and humans. In 1951 Henle et al. [5] reported skin reactions in humans to am

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