Introduction: In the literature, no consensus has been reached about orthodontic treatment time. Similarly, the determining factors of the latter have not yet been completely elucidated. Objective: The aim of the present article was to deepen the discussion on the major factors influencing orthodontic treatment time, as well as to present some strategies that have proven effective in controlling and shortening it. Method: Based on evidences found in the literature, the method focussed in providing the basis for clinical decision-making. Conclusions: Treatment time varies according to the type of malocclusion and treatment options. Orthodontist’s influence, patient’s characteristics and compliance are all decisive in determining treatment time, while the effects provided by orthodontic appliances and methods used to speed tooth movement up seem little effective.
On average, approximately 2.5 complications per patient were reported. Most patients had a maximum of three complications during Herbst treatment. Herbst appliance type (RMS or HC) and fixation mode (crowns or Grip Tite bands) did not influence the number of complications. The PMA (without screws) telescopic system seemed to be more reliable (regarding the number of complications) than Dentaurum type 1, regardless of the appliance design (RMS or HC).
The enamel surface should not be desiccated extensively when an all-in-one self-etching adhesive is employed. SUMMARYObjective: To evaluate, through the application of different dentin bonding systems, the influence of wetness on shear bond strength in enamel.Methods: This study evaluated three etch-andrinse adhesive systems (Scotchbond MP [used with and without primer]; Singlebond; and Prime&Bond 2.1) and two self-etching adhesive systems (Clearfil SE Bond; and Xeno IV). Flat bovine enamel surfaces were either airdried for 30 seconds or blotted with absorbent paper after acid-etching for the conventional bonding agents or before the application of self-etching bonding agents. The resin composite EsthetX was bonded to flat surfaces that had been treated with one of the adhesives, following the manufacturer's instructions. After being stored in water at 378C for one week, bonded specimens were broken in shear. Data were evaluated with two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Student-Newman-Keuls tests (a¼0.05). For comparing each condition , 2011, 36-3, 274-280 individually, regardless of the adhesive or wetness condition, a one-way ANOVA and a Student-Newman-Keuls test (a¼0.05) were applied.Results: The two-way ANOVA showed significant differences among adhesive systems. An interaction effect was also observed (p,0.05), but wetness did not influence shear bond strength (p¼0.98). The one-way ANOVA showed that the all-in-one adhesive was the only material influenced by the presence of water at the enamel's surface.Conclusion: The all-in-one adhesive behaved differently depending on whether the enamel surface was dry or wet.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this research was to check if the numeric facial analysis can determine facial attractiveness. METHOD: The sample consisted of frontal and lateral standard facial photographs, in natural head position, of 85 Brazilian Caucasian women, without facial plastic surgery report. The sample mean age was 23 years and 9 months. A group of 5 orthodontists, 5 layman and 5 plastic artists classified the photographs according to their own attractiveness graduation in: pleasant, acceptable and not pleasant. The numeric facial analysis was then performed using a computerized method. Linear, proportional and angular measurements were compared among groups. RESULTS: According subjective analysis the sample was consisted of 18.8% of pleasant, 70.6% of acceptable and 10.6% of not pleasant. In most measurements there were no differences among groups. Just in three of them significant statistical difference was observed and in two of them the comparison value was within decision limit. All the differences found were related to the lower third of the face and to facial pattern. CONCLUSION: On the present research, the numeric facial analysis, by itself, was not capable of detecting facial attractiveness, considering that beauty judgment seems to be very personal.
OBJETIVO: esse estudo foi desenvolvido com o propósito de verificar se a análise facial numérica realizada em fotografias frontais é sensível em detectar a atratividade da face. MÉTODOS: a amostra foi composta por fotografias faciais padronizadas, frontais e laterais, em posição natural da cabeça, de 85 mulheres brasileiras, leucodermas, com idades entre 18 e 30 anos, sem histórico de cirurgia plástica facial. A idade média da amostra foi de 23 anos e 9 meses. As fotografias foram classificadas de acordo com o grau de atratividade da face por uma banca composta de cinco especialistas em Ortodontia, cinco leigos e cinco artistas plásticos. A partir dessa classificação, os indivíduos foram divididos em três grupos: esteticamente agradáveis, esteticamente aceitáveis e esteticamente desagradáveis. Em seguida, foram realizados os traçados fotométricos por meio computadorizado. As médias das variáveis lineares, proporcionais e angulares propostas foram comparadas estatisticamente entre os grupos. RESULTADOS: pela análise subjetiva, 18,8% da amostra foram classificados como esteticamente desagradáveis, 70,6% como esteticamente aceitáveis e 10,6% como esteticamente agradáveis. Na maioria das variáveis, não observou-se diferenças entre os grupos. Em apenas três delas houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas. Todas as diferenças encontradas relacionaram-se ao terço inferior da face e ao padrão facial. CONCLUSÃO: no presente estudo, a análise facial numérica utilizada isoladamente não foi sensível na detecção de padrões de atratividade, já que os critérios de beleza parecem ser altamente subjetivos
Estudo da anatomia interna dos pré-molares-Revisão de literatura The root and root canal morphology of the human premolar: a literature review RESUMO Introdução: com a intenção de reforçar a estreita relação existente entre o conhecimento da anatomia interna e a obtenção do sucesso no tratamento endodôntico, são relatadas aqui características da anatomia interna presentes no grupo dental dos pré-molares. Revisão de literatura: as alterações morfológicas quando desconsideradas podem dificultar a terapia endodôntica. A resolução de casos com anatomia incomum exige consequentemente, mudanças no método de diagnóstico, assim como no tratamento. Conclusão: a identificação, e, portanto, o tratamento satisfatório de raízes e canais diferenciados, diminui a persistência dos sinais e sintomas, reduzindo, assim as possíveis causas de um retratamento.
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