O presente artigo tem como objetivo investigar a influência da vitamina D associada no tratamento de casos graves da COVID-19. Diversos estudos convergem para a importância de um organismo com um bom sistema imunológico para que não haja risco de progressão da doença, ressaltando, portanto, a importância da presença de vitamina D no corpo humano. Nessa revisão, iremos discutir as mais recentes evidências sobre o metabolismo e mecanismo de ação da vitamina D no corpo, seus alvos biológicos, sua importância no papel imunológico, seus benefícios para a saúde, e sua relação com a patogenicidade da COVID-19, particularmente em casos severos. Apesar da grande quantidade de material científico relacionado ao tema, o resultado do presente artigo evidencia que ainda faltam investigações que correlacionam perfis genéticos e respostas virais, além de estudos clínicos randomizados que avaliem a influência da suplementação com vitamina D no controle e progressão do quadro clínico da COVID-19.
Introduction Throughout the historical course, the emergence of neurosurgery invariably involved the narrative about different eras, marked by relevant discoveries in the field of medical science. From prehistoric mystical and therapeutic reports to the Robotic Era in the 21st century, there were changes that contributed to current neurosurgery. Thus, this study will analyze articles and studies that describe the history of neurosurgery and demonstrate the main advances in the field of science. Materials and methods This is a narrative review of scientific literature, carried out by searching the following databases: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Online System for Searching and Analyzing Medical Literature (MEDLINE), Latin American Literature and Caribbean in Health Sciences (LILACS), and Public Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (PubMed).The following descriptors were used: History of neurosurgery and Neuroanatomy, together with the Boolean operator “AND”. In addition, the descriptors History of Neurosurgery and Robotics were used between the Boolean operator “AND”. In this sense, in order to establish a linearity of the narrative presented, the evolution of neurosurgery in five eras was didactically separated. Conclusion Neurosurgery, throughout history, has undergone several transformations. There was a series of events that made neurosurgery one of the most evolutionary and progressive sciences. This is because technology combined with scientific knowledge was, in fact, what made it possible to get where we are. In this sense, the studied ages allow the comprehension of a history that needs to be understood and valued by all students of the neurological and neurosurgical sciences.
Objetivo: Avaliar as implicações da utilização dos nanocarreadores no tratamento do câncer de mama. Métodos: Revisão da literatura com base nas diretrizes contidas no Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA), utilizando as bases de dados: PubMed e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde com os termos de busca: “nanopartículas” E “tratamento” E “câncer de mama”. Foram selecionados 19 artigos, escritos em inglês, que preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Resultados: Diante dos achados nos estudos selecionados, percebeu-se que os nanocarreadores apresentam baixa toxicidade a células saudáveis e as nanopartículas podem ser direcionadas para o local específico do tumor. Conclusão: este estudo permitiu compreender a eficácia das drogas utilizadas nos diferentes tipos de nanocarreadores para a redução das células tumorais com minimização da toxicidade e liberação do medicamento na região específica do tumor.
Introduction Currently, skull base surgery faces the dilemma of achieving the maximum possible tumor resection, through less aggressive approaches and with minimal retraction of brain tissue. The objective of this work is to report a step-by-step of a minimally invasive approach to anterior cranial fossa tumors and to perform a literature review. Methods In our work, we describe step-by-step, with images, a variation of the transglabellar approach. Results In all cases we achieved maximum total resection of the lesion, there were no postoperative complications related to the surgery. In one case, we used the access to remove a foreign body in the frontal lobe. Conclusion The Frontal Trans-Sinusal TransGlabellar access allows direct access to anterior cranial fossa tumors and other frontal lobe lesions close to the floor of the anterior fossa, without the need for brain retraction, allowing early devascularization of the tumor. However, this access is not recommended for all types of tumors, being improved for more anteriorly located lesions.
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