ERalpha and ERbeta were co-expressed in the inner ear, i.e. in the nuclei of stria vascularis, outer and inner hair cells, spiral ganglion cells and vestibular ganglion cells, vestibular dark cells and endolymphatic sac. Strial marginal cells, outer hair cells and type II ganglion cells showed less expression of ERalpha. No gender- or age-related difference was noted in the expression pattern of ERalpha or ERbeta, but fluorescence intensity of ERalpha was stronger in young female mice than in young male mice. In contrast, ERbeta revealed no significant difference. In the old mice, fluorescence intensities of both ERalpha and ERbeta were significantly decreased in both sexes.

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Our study suggested that postoperative CCRT or RT after TPLE or TL, especially hemithyroidectomy, carries a high risk for hypothyroidism.

The frequency of the primary end point of complete response in the overall phase was 69.0%. The proportion of patients with no vomiting in the overall phase was 90.1%. In the acute phase, the proportion of no nausea and slight nausea together was 91.5%, no change in and slightly reduced food intake together was 87.3%, and the proportion of good general condition and relatively good general condition was 85.9%. In the delayed phase, the proportion of no nausea and slight nausea together was 56.3%, no change in and slightly reduced food intake together was 43.7%, and the proportion of good general condition and relatively good general condition together was 53.5%.