Obtained results demonstrated that the suppressive role of emilin 1 is related to the grade of growing breast tumors, and associated with increased hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment followed by elevated unfolding and degradation of tissue proteins.
Background The aim of this study was to explore the personal views of female gynecologists regarding the management of POP with a particular focus on the issue of uterine sparing surgery. Methods A questionnaire based survey of practicing female gynecologists in the Czech Republic, Slovenia and Slovakia. Results A total of 140 female gynecologists from 81 units responded to our questionnaire. The majority of respondents stated they would rely on a urogynecologist to aid them with their choice of POP management options. The most preferred options for POP management were sacrocolpopexy and physiotherapy. Almost 2/3 of respondents opted for a hysterectomy together with POP surgery, if they were menopausal, even if the anatomical outcome was similar to uterine sparing POP surgery. Moreover, 81.4% of respondents, who initially opted for a uterine sparing procedure, changed their mind if the anatomical success of POP surgery with concomitant hysterectomy was superior. Discussing uterine cancer risk in relation to other organs had a less significant impact on their choices. Conclusions The majority of female gynecologists in our study opted for hysterectomy if they were postmenopausal at the time of POP surgery. However, variation in information provision had an impact on their choice.
BACKGROUND: A hundred years ago, scientists believed that amniotic fl uid is a yellowish hypotonic mixture of foetal urine and maternal transudate with peculiar odour. Current knowledge shows that it represents a dynamic, complex mixture of inorganic and organic compounds. OBJECTIVES: Despite modern technological procedures, information is still lacking about the composition and properties of amniotic fl uid. We focused on dynamics of selected physical and chemical properties of the amniotic fl uid with the increasing gestational week. METHODS: The physicochemical characteristics of 89 amniotic fl uid samples were determined according to the week of pregnancy. The determination of pH, specifi c gravity, glucose and nitrites was performed immediately, at room temperature. RESULTS: Our results show a signifi cant negative correlation between week of pregnancy and semi-quantitative determined parameters of specifi c gravity (p < 0.001), pH (p < 0.01) and glucose (p < 0.001) values. Within the whole group of samples (n = 89), 29 % (n = 26) were nitrites positive (N+) and 71 % (n = 63) nitrites negative (N-). CONCLUSION: In this study were determined basic parameters of amniotic fl uid, which could be related to a wide range of pathological states (Tab. 2, Fig. 1, Ref. 27). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.
OBJECTIVES: The primary clinical objective was to prospectively compare the effectiveness of the "single-incision MESH" technique versus sacrospinous ligament fi xation (ACSSF) in correcting the defect of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) in the anterior and apical compartments, Their effectiveness was assessed at a 1-year/3-year follow-up (FU). METHODS: In the period of 2013-2015, we have randomized 146 women into two groups, namely 73 into ACSSF group and 73 into MESH group RESULTS: At 1-year/3-year FU, we achieved an effectiveness of 92 %/87 % in the point Ba (≤ -1 cm) in the MESH group (48/52; 40/46) vs 70 %/66 % in the ACSSF group (35/50; 30/45); (p = 0.005/p = 0.021). At 1-year/3-year FU, in the area of point C (≤ -1 cm), we achieved a 94 %/91 % effectiveness in the MESH group (49/52; 42/46) vs 90 %/80 % in the ACSSF group (45/50; 36/45); (p = 0.005/p = 0.192). In the MESH group, we observed a more frequent occurrence of "de novo" SUI (11 % vs 6 %) and a defect in the unoperated (posterior) compartment (18 % vs 8 %); the difference was not statistically signifi cant. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that the vaginal synthetic mesh repair of POP did not improve women's outcomes in terms of effectiveness or adverse effects, while the patient satisfaction is the same as compared to that with sacrospinous ligament fi xation at a 3-year FU. In gynecology, there are situations in which the comparison replaces the scientifi c solution (Tab. 5, Fig. 2, Ref. 50).
Background: Examination for the presence of diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscle and examination of the entire posture is very important in postpartum women. Currently, examination by 2D ultrasound, caliper and palpation is used. It is examined at rest and during stress tests. Methods: Case study of a patient with diastasis of the direct abdominal muscle after a fi rst spontaneous uncomplicated delivery at the age of 32 years. Examination to confirm diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscle – the width of linea alba was measured with a 2D linear probe by ultrasound 4.5 cm above the umbilicus, in the region of the umbilicus and 4.5 cm below the umbilicus. Lying on the back at rest, and with elevation of the lower limbs. The degree of severity was classified into four grades. A standard physiotherapy postural examination was performed. A part of the intervention was individual exercise with activation of the m. transversus abdominis to reduce diastasis of the direct abdominal muscles. The exercise program included postural adjustment, modification of breathing stereotype and quality, and activation of pelvic floor muscles. Exercises to reduce pain in the ligamentous apparatus and training in correct ergonomics were also performed. The dosage of exercise was 15 min per day in the 1st week of treatment, 2–4 week of treatment 20 min per day, 5–12 week of treatment 30 min per day, 5 days per week, for 12 weeks. Conclusion: The effect of exercise with activation of m. transversus abdominis on the reduction of diastasis of the direct abdominal muscle in the postpartum patient was objectively proven by the above mentioned objectification methods. Key words: exercise – diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscle – objectification
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