This chapter explains the concept of residential tourism and its relationship with lifestyle migration by exploring the social problems associated with it identified in Alicante, Spain. It then puts forward a typology that may be helpful in dealing with the complexity of this situation, where the boundaries between tourism and migration are blurred. The operational classification presented here could become a useful tool in resource management and regional planning.
ResumenEn los procesos de movilidad internacional de jubilados desde el norte de Europa hasta las costas mediterráneas, se reconocen nuevos estilos de vida relacionados con fenómenos de naturaleza en ocasiones turística y a veces migratoria. Las sociedades que acogen a esta población requieren la definición de criterios para categorizar a estas personas como turistas o inmigrantes, pues la financiación y la gestión de sus recursos depende de ello. En este trabajo, se construye una tipología creada a partir de una encuesta realizada a 872 ciudadanos europeos en la provincia de Alicante. El empadronamiento y la forma de tenencia de la vivienda ocupada se revelan como las variables explicativas de la relación existente entre el turismo de larga estancia y la migración residencial. Palabras clave: movilidad internacional, Mediterráneo, turismo residencial, jubilados, sociología.
Abstract. The Limits between Tourism and Residential Migration. A TypologyNew lifestyles some related to tourism phenomena and others to migration trends, can be identified behind the international mobility process of retirees who move from northern European countries to Mediterranean areas. Host societies require the definition of criteria that will allow them to classify these people either as tourists or as immigrants, since the funding and management of their resources depend on it. In this article we propose a typology based on a survey of 872 European citizens in the province of Alicante. Both the fact of being registered in the local census and whether the dwelling is bought or rented by those European citizens turn out to be the explanatory variables of the relationship between long-stay tourism and residential migration.
El auge de la turismofobia se convirtió en el año 2017 en un tema estrella en la discusión pública, especialmente durante el periodo estival. En este trabajo se investiga este fenómeno a partir de la identificación y exploración de los discursos fundamentales producidos en los medios de comunicación. Con este propósito se analiza una muestra de 40 noticias publicadas en diferentes periódicos. El objetivo que orienta el estudio busca aclarar cuál es el verdadero potencial del concepto como herramienta heurística para orientar la investigación del turismo. Tomando como punto de partida esta idea, el presente trabajo pretende contribuir a la elaboración de un marco analítico desde el que pensar, definir y orientar el estudio de la turismofobia.
This article argues that the main social agents involved in the residential tourism sector do not perceive the `search for authenticity' as a tourist need that demands their attention and promotion. Authenticity has not been identified as a key factor in attracting tourists. Authenticity could have an important influence on the behaviour of people who choose the Costa Blanca in the Province of Alicante, Spain, as the area in which to buy a second/holidays home. Results obtained from qualitative research, including 37 in-depth interviews, are presented here in order to examine how the local stakeholders perceive the role played by authenticity in attracting visitors to Alicante. In the light of the findings discussed, we try to understand the meaning and the possibilities given to the `authentic' tourist experiences on offer within the context of the residential tourism system of the Spanish Mediterranean coast.
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