Objectives
To assess the internal accuracy, mechanical behaviour under static load and screw loosening before and after cyclic loading of implant‐supported crowns restored with original components or with two compatible non‐original brands.
Materials and Methods
Sixty‐three dental implants were divided into three groups (n = 21 each): Group 1 used original components, and groups 2 and 3 used non‐original components. Internal accuracy was measured throughout a cross section of the sample groups (n = 8) using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate the fit for implant–abutments, implant–crowns and crown–abutments. To evaluate load‐bearing capacity, eight samples from each group were loaded until fracture according to ISO Norm 14801. The removal torque value (RTV) was evaluated in the screws connecting the crown with the abutment and the abutment with the implant before and after cyclic loading (2 x 106 cycles) in five samples from each group. The data were analysed using the Kruskal–Wallis test (p < 0.05).
Results
Statistically significant differences were found among the mean crown–abutment gaps measured in Group 1 (9.3 μm), Group 2 (45.4 μm) and Group 3 (44.9 μm). Higher values for mean load‐bearing capacity were found in Group 1 (1,098 N) than in groups 2 and 3 (1,057 and 973 N, respectively); however, these differences were not statistically significant. Original abutment–implant screws exhibited lower percentages of torque reduction than the non‐originals.
Conclusions
Enhanced fit is expected when original components are used. The original abutments exhibited lower percentages of torque reduction after cyclic loading than non‐originals.
BackgroundThe gingival thickness seems to have an important role in different dental treatments. There are different methods of quantifying this thickness, but it is not known which of them can be the most effective. The objective to assess the accuracy of two different methods for gingival thickness measurement: the transgingival needle probing (TGNP) and the tension-free caliper (TFC) in an in vitro model, by comparing them with direct physical measurements (reference standard).Material and MethodsGingival thickness (GT) was evaluated in 27 female pigs with four implant sites 1, 2 and 3mm from the gingival margin with three different methods: 1) transgingival needle probing 2) tension-free caliper and 3) Direct visualization after making a incision in the mucosa and measuring GT with a periodontal probe. Wilcoxon test for paired samples were used with a confident level of 95%.ResultsA total of 324 points were measured, 59% of the sites presented a thin biotype with DV, it was correctly assessed with the TGNP in 84% of the times and in 86% with the TFC. 41% of the sample presented thick biotype, 76% was the percentage measured with the TGNP and 0% of the sites evaluated with TFC resulted in this biotype.ConclusionsTransgingival needle probing constitutes an accurate method when measuring GT at different levels. Tension free caliper is not a good tool for assessing the gingival biotype as long as it is unable to predict thick biotype.
Key words:Periodontal Biotype, Gingival Thickness, Periodontal Tissue and Diagnosis.
One of the consequences of the development of dental implant therapy has been the appearance of multiple implant companies. 1 Aftermarket companies offer replacement components designed to match the original implant manufacturer. However, whether the use of nonoriginal components has consequences for the longevity of the prostheses is unclear. [2][3][4][5][6][7] Variations in the internal tolerances or design of the abutments can lead to modifications in the mechanical behavior of the restoration and can result in stress on the prosthetic screw, leading to screw loosening or screw failure. 3 Moreover, the cyclic loading could also affect the formation of microgaps at the implant-abutment interface, resulting in large differences in the overall contact areas. 8,9 Oral microbiome can proliferate in this microgap and affect peri-implant tissues, causing inflammation and peri-implant diseases. 10,11 The degree of bacterial penetration has been reported to be influenced by the applied force, micromovement, and precision fit at the implant-abutment interface. 12,13 However, clinical studies of original versus nonoriginal implant abutments are lacking, and information on long-term performance of "compatible" or "interchangeable" third-party abutments supporting cemented crowns is still scarce. 14 Therefore, the long-term success of these implantsupported restorations requires analysis of their in vitro mechanical fatigue lifetime, information that is much
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