Perilla L. is the genus of annual herbaceous plants of Lamiaceae Lindl. family, originated in Eastern Asia (1, 2). According to the plant genetic analysis, Perilla L. contains four species: most commonly cultivated Perilla frutescens L. Britton, and three wild species: Perilla hirtella Nakai, Perilla seytoensis G. Honda and Perilla citriodora Nakai (3, 4). The other species e.g. Perilla aguta Benth., Perilla albiflora Odash., Perilla ocimoides L. are ascribed to Perilla frutescens species, which are medicinal and spice plants with a long application history in Asia (1, 5). Perilla frutescens L. Britton has been cultivated in the collection of medicinal plants at Kaunas Botanical Garden of Vytautas Magnus University in Lithuania since 1990. P. frutescens is a new perspective medicinal, spice and decorative plant which has already enriched national genetic resources and diversity of species. The investigations of plant growth, vegetation rhytmics and its dependence upon ecological factors, has been carried out since 1998 (6, 7). Perilla is an essential oil accumulating plant. Essential oil is accumulated in the glandular trichomes on the surface of stems and leaves (1, 8). Herbal raw material is composed of fresh and dried terraneous parts: leaves (Perillae folium), fruit (Perillae fructus) (9). According to the main volatile component of essential oil, plants can be classified into the chemotypes (1, 10, 11). Perillaldehyde type (PA) is used in culinary and traditional Chinese medicine. Major constituent is perillaldehyde, other constituents are limonene, linalool, β-caryophyllene, 1-menthol, α
A probiotic nutraceutical based on functionalised rice bran (RB) supplemented with lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) pulp (LP) at various levels (10-50 g/100 g d.w.) was developed. Prior to immobilisation of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) cells, RB-LP matrix was structured by ultrasound (US) (850 kHz; power 160 W) for 20 min at 40 °C. Xanthan gum and sodium alginate were used for the stabilisation of RB-LP matrix. Survival and fermentative activity of the immobilised LAB cells was studied by monitoring pH, cell number, antimicrobial activity, lactic acid and acetic acid production. US treatment increased by 17.5% soluble dietary fibre (SDS) contents in RB but reduced on average by 49.9% hyperoside, quercetin, quercitrin and coumaric acid contents in LP material. RB substrate supplemented with LP (20-50 g/100 g d.w.) resulted in higher antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus for Lactobacillus brevis, and against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus for Pediococcus acidilactici. RB-LP matrix stabilised with alginate-xanthan and alginate maintained 8.09-8.67 log CFU g À1 live cells of immobilised L. brevis after 7 weeks of storage at 4 °C. In the case of protection under simulated in vitro digestion conditions, RB-LP gels with sodium alginate demonstrated the highest cell survival with 4.25 CFU g À1 viable cells remaining in the product and 5.23 log CFU g À1 live cells in the digestion medium.
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