Objective: To evaluate the patterns of Torus mandibularis (TM) and Torus palatinus (TP) among the patients attending the dental department of a teaching hospital in Karachi focusing on the age and gender. Study Design and Setting: A cross-sectional study conducted at dental OPD of Dow International Dental College/Hospital DUHS, conducted from November 2017 to October 2018. Methodology: The calculated sample size of the study was 278. Written consent was taken from each participant prior to starting investigation. The questionnaire comprises of 17 variables, evaluating demographics, state of dentition and characteristics of presence of any suspected tori. Participants were examined via sterilized mouth mirror and probe. Impressions were then taken from the participants having positive findings to further evaluate the size and shape to tori. Results: The prevalence of (TM) and (TP) were found to be 3.3% and 0.6% respectively. (TM) was predominantly found in males and (TP) was more frequent in females. Both (TM) and (TP) were most prevalent during fifth decade of life irrespective of gender. Bilateral unilobulated (TM) in the premolar region of the mandible were found to be most recurrent. Lobulated (TP) of large size was found to be prevalent in this study. Conclusion: Study has shown very less prevalence of tori in population of Karachi, Pakistan. The prevalent patterns of tori were found to be bilateral unilobulated in the premolar region of the mandible and large, lobular in the palate. The relationship of tori with age and gender was not significant.
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of oral soft tissue lesions in patients attending the outpatient department. Study Design: Cross Sectional, Observational study. Setting: Department of Oral and Medicine DUHS. Period: October 2019 to March 2020. Material & Methods: A total of three hundred and eighty five (385) patients were enrolled in the study. Detailed history and thorough intra and extra oral examination of each patient were done. Results: The overall prevalence of oral mucosal lesions was found to be 58.7%. The most frequent oral mucosal lesions were reported as white with 58% of all soft tissue lesions, while the most common site was observed as buccal mucosa with 58% of all sites. As far as texture was concerned, soft texture (47%) was recorded as most frequent. Conclusion: Early detection and identification of oral mucosal lesions is crucial, especially in a population where multifaceted tobacco consumption, oral precancerous and cancerous lesions are reported as one of the highest in the world. The high prevalence of oral mucosal lesions, as reported in our study and their potential for malignant transformation necessitates extensive soft tissue examination of the oral cavity, in adjunct to routine dental checkup.
OBJECTIVE: The objectives are: (1) to assess and compare the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding infection control protocols and (2) to identify the factor(s) that might influence the implementation of these protocols amongst dental professionals in all three dental campuses of a public sector university, Karachi. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in the three dental campuses of a public sector university, Karachi, for a period of three months from February to April 2019. The study participants consisted of dental and paradental professionals treating patients. A self-administered, structured, validated questionnaire was distributed among 285 participants, out of which 268 participants correctly filled and submitted back the questionnaire. Frequency distribution and Chi square test were performed. RESULTS: Campus A, covering areas of Mehmoodabad town, Karachi comprising 63 participants; Campus B, covering areas of Saddar town, Karachi comprising 68 participants; and Campus C, covering areas of Gulshan and Johar, Karachi comprising 129 participants, respectively. Statistically significant association was found between eyewear utilization among the designation of the practitioner, dental departments and dental campuses. Correspondingly, significant association was observed between awareness regarding needle stick injury protocol implementation with designation of the practitioner and dental campuses. Likewise, a significant association was found between utilization of rubber dams for maintenance of isolation with the age and designation of the practitioner, dental departments and dental campuses. CONCLUSION: The study highlighted the shortcomings of infection control protocol implementation in three dental campuses of a premier healthcare university of Pakistan. The results of this study may be utilized provincially and nationally for the construction and effective implementation of infection control policies. KEYWORDS: AIDS, Disinfection, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Tuberculosis, Needle stick injury.
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