Association between oral health, cognitive impairment and oral health-related quality of life Objective: Investigating oral health-related quality of life's (OH-QoL) relationship with cognitive state. Background: Oral health affects OH-QoL and is poor in institutionalised and cognitively impaired people. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 215 institutionalised elderly (82.9 mean age), who were interviewed, examined and cognitively screened using the Pfeiffer test. Results: Mean GOHAI score was 53.1; only 43.7% of the participants reported having a good OH-QoL. Needing help with dressing or washing (OR 2.14; p = 0.004), having one to nine teeth (OR 4.65; p ‡ 0.001), eight or less occluding pairs (OR 2.74; p = 0.002), one to three caries (OR 1.85; p = 0.005) and being cognitive impaired (OR 0.54; p = 0.034) were significantly associated with altered OH-QoL in bivariate analysis. Being edentulous (OR 3.18; p = 0.0046), having 1-9 teeth (OR 2.62; p = 0.056) and presenting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (OR 0.32; p = 0.016) appeared as predictive variables in logistic regression for having an altered OH-QoL. Conclusions: Participants having MCI had significantly better GOHAI score than cognitively normal residents. Performing cognitive screening parallel to applying any OH-QoL instrument would make the results more reliable and would benefit cognitively impaired people.

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Promoviendo el envejecimiento activo en entornos rurales: un programa de intervención implementado en Orense, EspañaReceived: 10 November 2014 | Accepted: 27 January 2017Cristina G. DumitracheUniversidad de Granada, España ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8340-6476 Laura RubioUniversidad de Jaén, España Ignacio BedoyaAsociación Cuarto Sector Desarrollo Social, España Ramona Rubio-Herrera ABSTRACT Promoting health and quality of life among rural older people has received little attention, especially in Spain where the numb er of interventions designed specifically for the rural elderly is sparse. The aim of this study was to explore the effectiveness of an intervention program aiming at improving quality of life in a group of community-dwelling older adults living in a depopulated rural area in Orense, Galicia, Spain. The sample of this study comprised 86 people (78 people in the intervention group and 8 people in the control group) aged 65 and older (M=70.82; SD=6.35). The evaluation included the MEC, the CDT, and the WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire. The intervention was applied for a period of nine months and consisted of three weekly workshops with a mean duration of four hours that included cognitive stimulation, crafts, and physical activity. The results of the ANCOVA revealed that independently of the age, educational level, gender, and pretest scores, the participants of the intervention group had a lower risk of cognitive impairment. Also they maintained their score on the Psychological health dimension of the WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire while the participants in the control group slightly decreased their score. The intervention program had a positive effect on the participants' perception with regards to their opportunities to participate in leisure activities and improved their cognitive functioning, which in turn contrib uted to their more positive perception of their psychological health. KeywordsActive aging; quality of life; intervention; rural aging RESUMEN La promoción de la salud y la calidad de vida entre las personas mayores del medio rural ha recib ido poca atención, especialmente en España donde el número de intervenciones designadas específicamente para la población mayor rural es escasa. El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar la efectividad de un programa de intervención para incrementar la calidad de vida en un grupo de personas mayores que vivían en la comunidad en un área rural despoblada en Orense, Galicia, España. La muestra de este estudio estuvo compuesta por 86 personas (78 en el grupo de intervención y 8 en el grupo control) de 65 o más años (M=70.82; DT=6.35). La evaluación incluyó los cuestionarios MEC, CDT y WHOQOL-Bref. La intervención fue aplicada durante un periodo de nueve meses y consistió en tres sesiones semanales con una duración media de cuatro horas que incluían estimulación cognitiva, actividades físicas y creativas. Los resultados del ANCOVA revelan que independientemente de la edad, nivel educativo, género y puntuaciones pretest, los participantes del grupo de intervenci...

This study examines the self-concept of the elderly in a cross-cultural perspective. An open-ended sentence completion methodology was employed. A sample of elderly Spanish and elderly Dutch were compared to gain an idea of the cross-cultural generality of the content of the self-concept. Analysis focuses on responses to sentences which probed the respondents' motivations and future plans and goals. Differences could be interpreted as reflecting an individualistic (Dutch) vs. collectivistic (Spanish) distinction between the two cultures. Furthermore, the findings had implications for how to interpret dimensions of meaningful aging. For example, a dimension such as "purpose in life" was more generalizable across the two samples than a dimension such as "autonomy."

Se ha realizado un estudio sobre los estilos cognitivos en dos cohortes evolutivas: un grupo joven y otro de ancianos, aplicando el GEFT con dos objetivos:-Constatar las modificaciones que sufre el estilo cognitivo en estos dos períodos del ciclo vital.-Analizar las diferencias intersexuales en ambos períodos. Las conclusiones coinciden con los estudios de COMALLI (1965), SCHA-WARTZ y KARP (19671, etc., al comprobar que el estilo cognitivo evoh.4ciona desde una independencia de campo en los grupos jóvenes, hacia una dependencia de campo claramente manifiesta en la senectud. Las diferencias intersexuales no son significativas en ninguno de los dos grupos analizados, aunqtte se encuentran de alguna manera más acentuadas en la tercera edad.