Considering the linguistic means for expressing the concept of a border in the Serbian language, Professor Predrag Piper listed several typical nouns that represent lexical means in that categorial-semantic complex. This paper investigates other nouns that serve this function in the Serbian language. The starting point is the assumption that the role of a boundary is probably performed by those nouns in the Serbian language that are more often than others used with prepositions, that is to say, preceded by a preposition in most cases. A list of all such nouns was made using the electronic corpus SrpKor, followed by excerpting only the nouns suggesting some type of a borderline which are most often used directly after the following prepositions: do, od, iz, na, oko, pred, u. Subsequently, a further selection was made based on semantic and pragmatic criteria, and thus the final list of delimiting nouns described in this paper was obtained.
Under the influence of globalization in media texts in Serbian language, as well as in all other Slavic languages, many new words, originating from the English language, have appeared. Those words, hybrids, began to fill the dictionaries of neologisms of all Slavic languages, including Serbian dictionaries. They represent a combination of an English stem and a Slavic affix, or vice versa. However, today the creativity goes even further, and more and more Serbian words that appear in media texts are combining affixes that they never had before. Thus, those words are given new grammatical and pragmatic functions. Many of these new words will never move from the sphere of occasionalisms to the sphere of neologisms, i. e. they will never be more widely used. On the one hand, the authors of media texts (first of all, columnists) nowadays take the liberty to cross the boundaries of the word formation and the use of lexemes, in the way that only writers, especially poets could do so far. This paper lists and describes word formation and grammatical innovations associated with the onomatopoeic adverbs, word formation and grammatical innovations with verbs, word formation and semantic innovations associated with diminutive forms, and noun innovations with a zero suffix. It is important to understand that these creative processes the journalist starts with Serbian language and ends with Serbian language, which contains in itself a hidden influence of (anglo-) globalization onto Serbian language. It may also represent a psycholinguistic impact of globalization on the linguistic behavior of Serbian speakers. The same process occurs in other Slavic languages, and the special attention should be given to that, since we are talking about language changes caused by a borrowed model of behavior and thinking.
This paper explores a theoretical point of view that the collocability is determined by the meaning of a lexeme and also represents its consequence. Our main goal is to show that these two factors may contribute with different intensity, and that context may have greater or lesser effect on the meaning of a lexeme. The analysis proves that the context has a lesser effect on more frequent lexemes and does not have a permanent effect on their meaning, but on the other hand, context has a greater effect on infrequent lexemes and has a greater effect on their semantic content. This even applies in a case of a lexeme used separately. Even analysis of two unrelated languages (Serbian and German) shows that the most frequent associations on infrequent adjectives are the nouns frequently used with them, which means that frequently used collocations produce an effect on them even out of context. Furthermore, there are examples in lexicography that infrequent adjectives are defined by collocations peculiar for infrequent lexemes. On the other hand, the most frequent verbal associations of Serbian and German respondents on very frequent adjectives are not the nouns usually found in their collocations, but their antonyms, thus it is possible to conclude that the context has no any effect. The conclusion is that collocability is determined by the meaning of a lexeme and it also represents its consequence, and at the same time the collocation effect on a lexeme is greater if the lexeme is less frequent
The paper argues that the problems of the Serbian language in the time of transition can be solved at least partially by responsible actions of Serbian linguists within the disciplines they deal with. In conditions when other nations without any hesitation declare the Serbian tangible and intangible cultural heritage their own, Serbs can and must respond in only one way ‒ by writing capital works in which they will describe the Serbian language and provide future generations with material and evidence for an increasingly fierce struggle, whose goal will be to defend what belongs to the Serbian language and Serbian heritage. If we fail to do that, future generations will be forced to use other nations’ capital works, in which facts are often falsified.
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