Meconium stained amniotic fluid is really worrisome from both, obstetrician's and paediatrician's points of view, as it increases the caesarean rates, causes birth asphyxia, MAS and increases neonatal intensive care unit admissions.

Background: India accounts for 24% of global neonatal mortality. It is important to study the mortality and morbidity pattern as it helps to implement new treatment protocols, interventions, planning and policy making which helps in better survival and improvement in the quality of life among survivors. The aim of the project study was to determine the causes of morbidity and mortality in neonates admitted in our hospital.Methods: This study was conducted at Special Newborn Care Unit (SNCU) of Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali Government Institute of Medical Science and Research providing level II neonatal care. This is a retrospective hospital based observational study. Data from admission and discharge registers were extracted, compiled and analyzed from March 2016 to February 2018. Neonates taken against medical advice and those referred to tertiary care centers were excluded in calculation of survival outcome. Statistical analysis was done in form of percentage, proportions and chi square test was used to find statistical significance.Results: 1582 neonates were admitted during the study period. 60.80% were inborn and 39.20% were outborn. 59.54% were male and 40.46% were female. Major causes of admission were jaundice (24.72%), sepsis (20.48%), birth asphyxia (18.52%), meconium aspiration syndrome (10.11%). Birth asphyxia was the major cause of mortality, followed by sepsis and prematurity. Mortality was more in outborn babies 14.67% compared to inborn babies 9.80%.Conclusions: Neonatal jaundice, birth asphyxia and sepsis were the commonest causes of morbidity. Common causes of mortality were birth asphyxia and sepsis and prematurity. More deliveries at institutions with SNCU facility, early identification of danger signs and timely referral to tertiary care centers can prevent neonatal deaths.

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Background and objective Surgical complications can arise either intraoperatively or postoperatively. The factors that lead to complications in gynaecological surgeries could be both patient-related or surgeon-related. In this study, we aimed to identify the frequency of intraoperative and postoperative complications in gynaecological surgeries conducted at our institution and to evaluate various risk factors that may predispose patients to these complications. Materials and methods This was a retrospective analysis of women undergoing gynaecological surgeries in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at a tertiary centre in Uttarakhand, India from February 2016 to December 2019. Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and perioperative complications of these women were recorded. Results A total of 389 women undergoing gynaecological surgeries were included in the study cohort. Of note, 94 of these had perioperative complications, accounting for 24.16% of the total cases. The most common route of surgery associated with complications was open abdominal surgery (34.66%). The operating time in most surgeries ranged from two to three hours (48.93%), and the average duration of hospital stay after surgery was 10.79 + 7.91 days. Intraoperative and postoperative complication rates were 5.91% and 19.28% respectively. Of these, surgical site infections (SSIs) (10.28%) and fever (5.39%) were the most common complications observed. Independent parameters like age, parity, route of surgery, operative time, preoperative duration of hospital stay, and preoperative blood transfusion were significantly associated with perioperative complications. Conclusions Surgical complications were more frequently seen in abdominal cases compared to other routes. Knowledge of centre-specific surgical outcome data can help in providing patients with better preoperative counselling.