Background: Neonatal sepsis is life-threatening disease; it represents a big problem duo to its difficult diagnosis. It is associated with high mortality rate if not treated promptly. It is therefore very critical to do early diagnosis and initiate adequate therapy. Objective was to make a flow cytometric evaluation of CD11b expression on peripheral blood neutrophils for early and rapid diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. Methodology: our study was carried out on 70 neonates and subdivided into 2 groups, study group consisted of 50 neonates and control group consisted of 20 apparent healthy neonates, three ml of blood were collected for evaluation of CD11b expression by flow cytometry, CBC, CRP determination, and for blood culture. Results: there was a significant increase in percentage expression of CD11b on peripheral blood neutrophils in group I (sepsis group) more than group II (control group) , CD11b expression level in % on peripheral blood neutrophils record the highest sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of neonatal sepsis followed by CRP. Blood culture recorded the least sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion: flow cytometric detection of CD11b on peripheral blood neutrophils is a useful technique for early and rapid diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.
Background: HCC accounts for 90% of all primary liver cancers around the world. HCC is the fifth most frequent cancer in the world and the second largest cause of cancer-related death. HCC will be the first indication for liver transplantation by 2030. The need for a marker to detect HCC cases early is critical. Melatonin is a hormone, and when its hemostasis is disrupted by cirrhosis, it may be linked to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim is to assess blood melatonin levels in patients with liver cirrhosis (compensated and decompensated) and HCC. Subject and Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study with 22 patients with compensated liver cirrhosis, 22 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis, 22 patients with HCC, and 22 healthy subjects as a control group. Laboratory tests, as well as abdominal ultrasound and spiral CT, were performed as needed.Melatonin levels were measured using an ELISA kit in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Results: In compensated liver cirrhosis, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between serum melatonin and age, as well as a significant positive correlation between melatonin, (Hb), (WBCs), and (platelets) in decompensated liver cirrhosis. Serum melatonin has low statistical sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value. Conclusion: The melatonin levels in the compensated, decompensated and HCC groups were lower than in the control groups, the difference was not statistically significant.
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