Bis-azido methyl oxetane (BAMO) was synthesised from pentaerythritol in two steps. Pentaerythritol was chlorinated to yield a mixture of mono, di, tri and tetra chloro compounds. The trichloro compound on ring closure gives bis-chloro methyl oxetane (BCMO). It was reacted with sodium azide in aqueous medium to obtain BAMO. The latter was polymerised using BF, etherate catalyst and 1,4-butanediol initiator. Similarly, the BAMO-THF copolymer was also synthesised. All the monomers and polymers were characterised by IR, 'H-NMR, "C-NMR, and refractive index. The polymers were also characterised for molecular weight, hydroxyl value, etc. Thermal analysis showed that both polymers degrade exothermically with T , , of 237 "C for polyBAMO and 241°C for BAMO-THF copolymer with activation energy of 39 kcallmol and 40 kcallmol, respectively. Explosive properties like impact and friction sensitivity of BAMO and the other polymers were also determined.
Hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based sheet explosives incorporating insensitive 1,3,5‐triamino‐2,4,6‐trinitrobenzene (TATB) as a part replacement of cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX) have been prepared during this work. The effect of incorporation of TATB on physical, thermal, and sensitivity behavior as well as initiation by small and high caliber shaped charges has been determined. Composition containing 85% dioctyl phthalate (DOP) coated RDX and 15% HTPB binder was taken as control. The incorporation of 10–20% TATB at the cost of RDX led to a remarkable increase in density (1.43→1.49 g cm−3) and tensile strength (10→15 kg cm−2) compared to the control composition RDX/HTPB(85/15). RDX/TATB/HTPB based compositions were found less vulnerable to shock stimuli. Shock sensitivity was found to be of the order of 20.0–29.2 GPa as against 18.0 GPa for control composition whereas their energetics in terms of velocity of detonation (VOD) were altered marginally. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG) studies brought out that compositions undergo major decomposition in the temperature region of 170–240 °C.
Energetic thermoplastic elastomers containing energetic groups, such as azido, nitrato, nitro, and so forth, are emerging as attractive binder systems for advanced solid rocket propellants. Poly[3,3-bis(Azidomethyl) oxetane (BAMO)-co-3-azidomethyl-3-methyl oxetane (AMMO)] comprising hard crystalline BAMO segment and the soft/amorphous AMMO segment in various molar ratios (80 : 20, 50 : 50 and 20 : 80) were synthesized during the present work. The homo polymers namely Poly-BAMO and Poly-AMMO were also synthesized. All the polymers and copolymers were characterized by spectral and thermal methods. They were found to be thermally stable. The most promising 80 : 20 copolymer softened at 56 C with T g of À36 C. Rheological studies were also carried out to determine their suitability as a binder in explosive and propellant formulations.
A copolymer consisting of bis(azidomethyl) oxetane and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene was synthesized with different monomer ratios via an activated monomer mechanism. The copolymer thus obtained was characterized with Fourier transform infrared, 1 H-NMR, molecular weight, and polydispersity measurements. Rheological and thermal studies were also carried out. The mechanical properties of the gum stock obtained through curing with toluene diisocyanate and crosslinking with pyrogallol at about 508C were also determined. This was an attempt to combine the useful properties of hydroxylterminated polybutadiene (a nonenergetic binder providing excellent mechanical properties) and poly[bis(azidomethyl) oxetane] (an energetic binder).
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