Background: Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is one of the major staple cereal crops after rice and wheat. Photoperiod (day length) sensitivity has been shown to affect the duration of plant’s vegetative phase based on sowing dates. Optimum sowing date is one of the most important factors that play an important part in yield. Methods: A field experiment was carried out during the summer season of 2022. in the Eastern block farm (37F) of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore in sandy loam soil to study the phenological behaviour of sorghum as influenced by sowing window (D1 - First fortnight of February, D2 - First fortnight of march and D3 - First fortnight of April) by analysing the Helio-thermal units (HTU), Photo-thermal units (PTU) and growing degree days (GDD) and to evaluate the performance of sorghum CO-32 cultivar. The experiment was laid out in strip plot design. Results: Among the different sowing windows highest grain yield was recorded when sowing was done in I FN of April (2602.81 kg/ha) followed by I FN of March (2484.53kg/ha). The attainment of phenophases was found early in February sowing. It was observed that accumulated heat units increased by 114 °C and 142.2 °C days in March and April sown crop compared to February sown crop. Among the sowing windows maximum photo thermal units were accumulated by April sown crop (15135.2oC day hrs) followed by March (13485.57oC day hrs) and February (11608.5oC day hrs) sown crop respectively.
Aim: The study was conducted for the evaluation of suitable grass and legume fodders for the development of pastures under coconut garden. Study Design: Randomized Block Design. Place and Duration of Study: The field experiment was carried out in Farmer’s coconut field, Pollachi, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu during 2021-2022. Methodology: Ten different fodder crops were selected which includes six grasses and four leguminous fodders. Stem cuttings of grass fodders and seeds of legume fodders were raised in three replications. 90 Days After Planting (DAP) the observations were taken for the growth parameters of plant height, establishment percentage, green fodder yield. The crop was cut at 90 DAP followed by subsequent cuts at 120 DAP (i.e. 30 Days interval between two cuts). The fodder growth and development were observed in field as well as nutrition dynamics along with other quality parameters which include crude fibre, ash content were analyzed in laboratory. Results: Panicum maximum recorded higher values of plant height (205.00 cm), establishment percentage of 100 % and green fodder yield of 183 t ha-1 year-1. Other grasses includes Brachiaria mutica, Brachiaria ruziziensis and Brachiaria decumbens had good establishment and yield. Among legumes Desmodium giganticum was found to be performed well under shade with plant height of 181.00 cm and green fodder yield of 125 t ha-1 year-1 followed by Macroptilium atropurpureum with 148.00 cm height and green fodder yield of 98.0 t ha-1 year-1. Dichanthium annulatum had poor establishment under shaded environment. Ash content was high in Macroptilium atropurpureum with 21.90%. Crude fibre was observed high in Dichanthium annulatum with 41.15%. Conclusion: Panicum maximum and Brachiaria sp in grasses as well as Desmodium giganticum and Macroptilium atropurpureum among legumes were found to perform well under shade in coconut garden.
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