Synthesis of ferrate (FeO4
2−) from iron plate of transformer waste electrochemically in high alkaline
medium and its application for dye degradation has been carried out. The effect of parameters such as
time, NaOH concentration, type of electrolyte solution and ferrate stability were studied. The ferrate
solution formed is dark purple in colour with a maximum wavelength of 505 nm. The ferrate was
compacted by fresh drying to produce Na2FeO4 crystals and characterized by XRF, XRD and FT-IR
techniques. The ferrate was applied to degrade methylene blue, methyl orange, rhodamine and remazol
black B dyes. The results showed the highest degradation of dyestuff in methylene blue by 98% and
COD reduction by 73.69% at pH 8, ferrate dose of 1.1 mg and contact time of 70 min. This shows that
ferrate is an environmentally friendly material which can be used to degrade toxic dyes.
Synthesis of sulfonated membrane from polystyrene waste and TiO2 filler as proton exchange membrane
has been carried out. The effect of variations in the concentration of polystyrene (10%, 15%, 20%)
and the addition of TiO2 was studied. The solvothermal synthesis results of TiO2 confirmed by XRD
showed the typical peaks according to standards. The membrane characterization was analyzed by
FTIR, SEM-EDX and LCR meter. The success of sulfonation was evidenced by the presence of sulfonate
groups at 1171.37 and 1170.67 cm–1 with degree of sulfonation (DS) of 10%, 15% and 20% PSS
membranes of 32.02%, 40.03% and 48.04%, respectively. The insertion of TiO2 filler into the membrane
was confirmed by SEM-EDX and its effect could increase the conductivity value (σ). The results
showed that this membrane has the potential to be developed as a proton exchange membrane fuel
cell.
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