The LaFe1−xZrxO3 (x = 0.01, 0.05) ceramics were prepared by sol-gel and annealing method and studied by XRD, Raman scattering analysis, SEM, and impedance spectroscopy method. The crystal structure and phonon characteristics analysis revealed that the crystal structure tends to preserve its ideal orthorhombic structure, following the increase in driving force of the Fe/ZrO6 octahedral tilting. The frequency-dependent dielectric parameters at each temperature decreased with increasing Zr content. The temperature dependence dielectric relaxation and dc conduction mechanism satisfied the Arrhenius law and increased with increasing Zr content. The activation energy ranged from 0.30 to 0.50 eV and was similar in the relaxation and conduction mechanisms, indicating that both transport mechanisms were based on a similar mechanism.
Zinc-doped bismuth ferrite (Bi1-x
Zn
x
FeO3, x = 0, 0.05, 0.1) powdered were synthesized through sol-gel auto combustion methods to investigate the optical properties while maintaining the whole structure of BiFeO3 (BFO). The Zn doped induced the reveal of Bi25FeO40 as a secondary phase and decreased the bond angle of Bi–O–Fe in the BFO phase structure which affect the electron density formation inside of the lattice. The presence of Zn content has also conducted the shifting of optical absorption in the UV-Vis region and increasing the dielectric constant value. This property is potent in visible light photonic applications.
Indonesia is one of the largest tin producers in the world. The by-products of processing tin ore in the form of tailings are not used properly. Based on several studies, tin tailings have high levels of silica. In this paper, a silica purification study from tin tailings is proposed using a solid-state method at different pH. The purity of silica in this paper is determined by XRF and XRD analysis. This research is expected to increase the economic value of tin tailings, which can be utilized in various applications.
In this article, we add egg white (albumen) to the synthesis of aluminum oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3). Egg white can be used as a trap for the aluminum oxide particle matrix to prevent agglomeration of aluminum oxide particles during the synthesis process. To determine the effect of pH on the characteristics of aluminum oxide crystals formed, variations in pH were carried out starting from 7, 9 to pH 11. The calcination temperature used was 1000°C. We used the results of XRD analysis to determine the crystalline size and crystallinity of aluminum oxide nanoparticles. pH 7 shows the size of the smallest nanoparticles of crystals and the relatively large levels of crystallinity.
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