No abstract

Two field experiments were carried out at the Agricultural Research Farm of Delta Sugar Company at El-Hamol, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate during two winter seasons of 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 to study the effect of mineral and bio-fertilization on yield and its components and quality of sugar beet plants. A split plot in stripe design with four replications was used, where nitrogen fertilizer treatments were occupied in the main plots and the bio-fertilizer (soil or spray) treatments were distributed in the sub-units (in the horizontal strips). The results could be summarized as follows: -Increasing nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the yield and its components traits, while the quality traits were decreased. -The highest values for yield and its components traits were found either with yeast treatment or by using the mixture of macro & micro spray treatment with amino acid treatment in the first or in the second season. -The highest values of sugar beet quality traits were recorded by humic acid or by the effective microorganism treatment. -Generally, the significant highest values of yield and its components traits either by using yeast treatment or by using the mixture of macro & micro treatment with amino acid treatment together with 120 kg N/fed. While the quality traits had the highest values by using the mixture of macro & micro treatment with amino acid treatment or by using the yeast treatment under 80 kg N/fed. treatment.

A field experiment was conducted in Hafir Shehab El-Din (Dakhalia Governorate), Egypt (latitude of 31.5 N, and longitude of 30.32 E), and elevation of 15 m above sea level) during the 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 growing seasons, to study the impact of gibberellic acid on the yield and quality of some sugar beet varieties. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) using stripplot arrangement with four replication was used in both growing seasons, where four gibberellic acid concentrations (control= distilled water, 100 ppm, 200 ppm and 300 ppm) occupied the main plots, while the four multi-germ and mono-germ sugar beet varieties namely, Belatos, Hercule, Helsinki and Bersea, allocated in the sub-plots. The plot area was 21 m 2 (1/200 fed.) and consisted of 6 ridges, 7 m length, 0.5 m width and 0.20 m spacing between hills. Seeds were sown in the first week of October, as well as sugar beet was harvested at the age of 210 days. The soil of the experimental site was clay. All studied traits (root fresh weight, sucrose%, root yield and yield/fed.) were highly significantly affected by the two studied factors (gibberellic acid concentrations and sugar beet varieties) in both growing seasons. All studied traits were increased by increasing gibberellic acid concentration and the highest mean values were obtained by 300 ppm gibberellic acid treatment, in both growing seasons, except sucrose % was superior with 200 ppm treatment in the second growing season. The Bersea variety realized the maximum mean values for root fresh weight (kg/plant) and root yield (ton/fed.) in both growing seasons, combined with sucrose% and sugar yield (ton/fed.) in the first growing season only.

A field experiments was carried out during of 2014/15 and 2015/16 seasons in the Experimental Farm, Agricultural Research Station of El-Kharga, New Valley Government to study the effects of partially substitution of chemical NPK fertilizers by biofertilizers on two barley cultivars production under New Valley conditions. Seven fertilizers combinations were tested as follows: F 1 : 100% of recommended NPK fertilizers, F 2 : 75% of recommended NPK fertilizers + Microbein, F 3 : 50% of recommended NPK fertilizers + Microbein, F 4 : 75% of recommended NPK fertilizers + Algae extract, F 5 : 50% of recommended NPK fertilizers + Algae extract, F 6 : 75% of recommended NPK fertilizers + Algae extract + Microbein, and F 7 : 50% of recommended NPK fertilizers + Algae extract + Microbein. Number of spikes m-2 , number of grains spike-1 , weight of 1000-grains, weight of grains spike-1 , biological yield fed-1 , grain yield fed-1 , straw yield fed-1 , and harvest index (%) were recorded at harvest. Results indicated that the superiority of Giza 134 cultivar over Giza 132 cultivar was confirmed for most studied traits in both seasons. Double-inoculation of Algae extract and Microbein plus 75% of recommended mineral NPK fertilizers represents 10.14, 18.50 and 16.19% increases in grain, straw and biological yields of barley in the first season; 8.91, 29.42 and 22.15% in the second season, respectively; compared to the application of 100% of recommended mineral NPK fertilizers alone. Giza 134 cultivar fertilized with 75% chemical NPK + Algae extract + Microbein (F 6) gave the highest grain yield (2.69 and 2.97 ton fed-1) and biological yield (8.38 and 9.43 ton fed-1) followed by 50% chemical NPK + Algae extract + Microbein (F 7) with the same cultivar (2.53 and 2.88 ton fed-1) and (8.16 and 8.95 ton fed-1), respectively. It can be concluded that replacing 25 or 50% of chemical fertilizers by doubleinoculation of Algae extract + Microbein as biofertilizers to improved yield and its components of Giza 132 and Giza 134 cultivars as well as saving about 25 to 50% of recommended dose of NPK.

Two field experiments were carried out during two summer seasons (2017 and 2018) at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, to study the response of two maize hybrids [Single Cross 128 (S.C. 128) and Triple Cross 310 (T.C. 310)] yield and its components for three interrows spacing (Rw 1 = 60 cm, Rw 2 = 70 cm and Rw 3 = 80 cm) and three intra-rows spacing (S 1 = 20 cm, S 2 = 25 cm and S 3 = 30 cm). Experimental design was randomized complete block design (RCBD) using split-plot in strips, where interrow spacing allocated in the main horizontally, maize hybrids were arranged in the main vertically and intra-row spacing were occupied the sub-plots. According to results, the maximum values of plant height and ear diameter in both seasons, ear length in the 1 st season, ear grains weight and grain yield/fed.