The study aimed to determine the best of nitrogen fertilizer level based on growth and biomass production of brown midrib sorghum mutant line Patir 3.7. This research was conducted at the Field Laboratory in the Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University, Padang. The experiment was assigned in a completely randomized block design with 4 levels of nitrogen fertilizer application and 3 replications. The treatments consisted of N0= 0 kg N ha-1 as a control; N1= 50 kg N ha-1 ; N2= 100 kg N ha-1 ; and N3= 150 kg N ha-1. Agronomic and production variables measured were plant height, stem diameter, leaf width length, leaf stem panicle ratio, stem Brix sugar content, as well as fresh biomass and nutrient production. Analysis of variance followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was conducted. The results showed that the addition of nitrogen fertilizer produced the highest stem diameter, leaf length, leaf width, leaf ratio, and stem ratio (p<0.05). However, the panicle ratio and stem Brix sugar contents were not significantly affected (p>0.05) by the level of nitrogen fertilizer. The fresh biomass, dry matter, crude protein, ash, NFE, and TDN production increased significantly (p<0.05) with the increased level of nitrogen fertilizer. Based on those findings, it can be concluded that nitrogen fertilizer application at the level of 50 kg N ha-1 produces better growth, fresh biomass, dry matter, and nutrients production.
Background: Cytokine storm has been widely known to contribute to the development of the critical condition in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and studies had been conducted to assess the potential aspect of cytokine storm elimination by performing therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE). However, contradictory findings were observed. The objective of this study was to assess the association between TPE and the reduction of mortality of critically ill COVID-19 patients. Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted by collecting data from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Data on the mortality rate of critically ill COVID-19 patients treated with TPE plus standard of care and that of patients treated with standard of care alone were analyzed using a Z test. Results: We included a total of four papers assessing the association between TPE and the risk of mortality among critically ill COVID-19 patients. Our findings suggested that critically ill COVID-19 patients treated with TPE had lower risk of mortality compared to those without TPE treatment. Conclusion: Our study has identified the potential benefits of TPE in reducing the risk of mortality among critically ill COVID-19 patients.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari cekaman kekeringan terhadap pertumbuhan beberapa jenis galur sorgum mutan Brown Midrib (BMR). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial (3x3) dengan 6 ulangan. Faktor A adalah jenis sorgum, terdiri dari: A1 (sorgum numbu), A2 (sorgum mutan BMR Bioss) dan A3 (sorgum mutan BMR G-63). Faktor B adalah kadar air tanah, terdiri dari: B1: 25%, B2: 50% dan B3: 75%. Peubah yang diamati adalah: tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah daun, panjang daun dan lebar daun. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan analisis ragam (ANOVA) menurut Steel and Torrie (1991), perbedaan antar perlakuan dilakukan uji lanjut Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa tidak terdapat interaksi antara jenis sorgum dan kadar air terhadap panjang daun, jumlah daun, diameter batang, tinggi tanaman dan tinggi batang. Interaksi hanya terdapat antara jenis sorgum dengan kadar air tanah terhadap lebar daun, dimana sorgum mutan BMR G-63 (A3) memiliki lebar daun lebih kecil pada B3 bila dibandingkan dengan jenis sorgum A1 dan A2 dimana terjadi peningkatan lebar daun. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kadar air tanah 25% sudah memberikan respon yang baik terhadap pertumbuhan sorgum mutan BMR.Kata kunci: cekaman kekeringan, sorgum BMR, kadar air
Background: To date, more than 10% of the global population is unvaccinated against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and the reasons why this population is not vaccinated are not well identified. Objectives: We investigated the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine refusal and to assess the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine refusal. Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted during August to November 2022 (PROSPERO: CRD42022384562). We searched articles investigating the refusal of COVID-19 vaccination and its potential associated factors in PubMed, Scopus, and the Web of Sciences. The quality of the articles was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale, and the data were collected using a pilot form. The cumulative prevalence of the refusal to vaccinate against COVID-19 was identified using a single-arm meta-analysis. The factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine refusals were determined using the Mantel-Haenszel method. Results: A total of 24 articles were included in the analysis. Our findings showed that the global prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine refusal was 12%, and the highest prevalence was in the general population, and the lowest prevalence was in the healthcare worker subgroup. Furthermore, individuals with a high socioeconomic status, history of previous vaccination, and medical background had a lower rate of COVID-19 vaccination refusal. Subsequently, the following factors were associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 vaccine refusal: being female, educational attainment lower than an undergraduate degree, and living in a rural area. Conclusion: Our study identified the prevalence of and factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine refusal. This study may serve as an initial reference to achieve global coverage of COVID-19 vaccination by influencing the population of COVID-19 vaccine refusal.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemupukan fospor dan inokulasi mikoriza terhadap pertumbuhan Sorgum Mutan BMR pada tanah ultisol. Rancangan Percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial dengan 2 faktor yaitu faktor mikoriza yang terdiri dari M0: tanpa inokulasi mikoriza, dan M1: inokulasi dengan mikoriza, dan faktor pemupukan fosfor yang terdiri dari P0: tanpa pupuk fospat, P1: Rock Phospat (45 kg P 2 O 5 /ha), dan P2: TSP (45 kg P 2 O 5 /ha), dengan 5 ulangan. Peubah yang diukur adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang dan lebar daun, serta diameter batang. Analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada pengaruh interaksi dan pengaruh faktor tunggal terhadap pertumbuhan sorgum BMR pada tanah ultisol. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan tinggi tanaman sorgum mutan BMR berkisar antara 130,15-157,4cm, jumlah daun berkisar antara 7,6-8,6 lembar, panjang daun berkisar antara 54,18-65,03cm, lebar daun berkisar antara 2,68-3,75cm, dan diameter batang berkisar antara 0,63-0,83cm. Sorgum mutan BMR berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai tanaman pakan pada tanah ultisol.
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