Dopaminergic deficiency in the SN results in impaired gastric motility, possibly as a result of the enhanced activity of dopamine system and reduced Ach in gastric tissue. The vagus nerve plays an important role in peripheral gastric motility disorder.
In
breast cancer chemophotothermal therapy, it is a great challenge
for the development of multifunctional nanoagents for precision targeting
and the effective treatment of tumors, especially for metastasis.
Herein, we successfully design and synthesize a multifunctional black
phosphorus (BP)-based nanoagent, BP/DTX@PLGA, to address this challenge.
In this composite nanoagent, BP quantum dots (BPQDs) are loaded into
poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) with additional
conjugation of a chemotherapeutic agent, docetaxel (DTX). The in vivo
distribution results demonstrate that BP/DTX@PLGA shows striking tropism
for targeting both primary tumors and lung metastatic tumors. Moreover,
BP/DTX@PLGA exhibits outstanding controllable chemophotothermal combinatory
therapeutics, which dramatically improves the efficacy of photothermal
tumor ablation when combined with near-light irradiation. Mechanistically,
accelerated DTX release from the nanocomplex upon heating and thermal
treatment per se synergistically incurs apoptosis-dependent cell death,
resulting in the elimination of lung metastasis. Meanwhile, in vitro
and in vivo results further confirm that BP/DTX@PLGA possesses good
biocompatibility. This study provides a promising BP-based multimodal
nanoagent to constrain cancer metastasis.
With the rapid development of nanotechnology and an increasing use of nanoenabled consumer products, there is an urgent need to develop precautionary tools to evaluate acute lung toxicity of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). As natural pulmonary surfactant (PS) film represents the initial barrier of nano–bio interactions in the lungs, a novel in vitro experimental method, called constrained drop surfactometry (CDS), is developed to quantitatively evaluate PS inhibition caused by ENMs. The results show that at a very low concentration, four representative ENMs, including carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, zinc oxide, and silver nanoparticles, all increase in vitro minimum surface tension of a modified natural PS, Infasurf. These in vitro results are related to the extensive alveolar collapse and inflammation observed in vivo in mice exposed to these ENMs in an intratracheal instillation model. Thus, there may be a direct correlation between in vitro surface tension increase due to PS inhibition by ENMs and in vivo lung toxicity revealed by alveolar collapse and inflammation. Compared to commonly used animal models, CDS holds great promise for the development of an animal‐free, easy‐to‐use, and low‐cost precautionary assay for the prediction of acute lung toxicity of inhaled ENMs.
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