An accurate calibration is essential for the quantitative measurement of species concentrations in fuel-rich hydrocarbon flames when using a mass spectrometer (MS). In sooting flames, the mole balances of the atomic components of the gas phase species cannot be made because there are carbon deposits and soot. A procedure in which binary gas mixtures containing Ar are introduced by a two-stage pressure-reduction system into a vacuum chamber for the MS analysis is described, which allowed the calibration of the H 2 O response coefficient. This was calibrated using H 2 O-vapor-saturated air that was saturated at different temperatures to give mixtures with known partial pressures of H 2 O and N 2 . The measured response coefficients of H 2 , CH 4 , C 2 H 2 , CO, N 2 , O 2 , CO 2 and H 2 O with respect to Ar were obtained as 7.56, 0.76, 1.18, 0.69, 0.71, 0.60, 0.83 and 0.68, respectively. Species concentrations in sooting flames containing H 2 O were studied using the calibrated matrix equation of the response coefficients. The MS measurement uncertainty was less than ± 6% where this uncertainty does not include errors due to fractionation changes, which may occur for measurements made under conditions that are different from those used in the calibration. The procedure is useful for the quantitative study of combustion processes containing water.
The metal-organic framework (MOF) membranes with ultra-small
pore size (< 4 Å) have shown a great perspective for the highly
selective separation of small gas molecules such as hydrogen, while...
With the rapid development of a new generation of information technology such as cloud computing, 3D CAD technology is becoming the platform foundation for product innovation design and digital design and manufacturing of manufacturing enterprises. This paper proposes research on the 3D CAD information systems integration based on a private cloud platform. Through studying the concept, characteristics and hierarchical structure of cloud computing. According to the manufacturing information application requirements, the system will publish and deploy corresponding application services according to user needs, and effectively solve the poor integration of some current information systems. Private cloud service platform. In view of the wide variety of 3D CAD software currently on the market, in the process of integrating with the manufacturing information system, a general integration framework design based on the cloud platform is proposed and standardized cloud service interface definitions are provided to extend the functions of the integration framework. Data differences between different CADs, and XML files with good scalability and data self-describing capabilities are used as intermediate files for information interaction. Through the entire business process, the technical application of engineering drawing into PDF, browsing and signing was introduced, and the correctness of the private cloud platform and integration technology was verified.
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