To understand the development track of credit risk research clearly and discover the hidden internal connections between literatures, this article utilises the scientific information measurement software-CiteSpaceto conduct a scientometric analysis (citation analysis, co-citation analysis and co-occurrence analysis) of 2,384 articles on credit risk from Web of Science (W.o.S.) during 1998 and 2017. According to the research results, some useful conclusions can be drawn as follows: (1) Credit risk research has become interdisciplinary and subject involved are 'Business Finance', 'Economics', 'Operations Research Management Science', 'Mathematics Interdisciplinary Applications'; (2) The U.S., Europe, and Asia make the majority of contributions and there are numerous collaborations among countries; (3) The key researchers with influence and authority in this field mainly are Merton Robert Cox and Jarrow Robert Alan; (4) 'Rollover risk', 'Arbitrage-free pricing', 'Default cycle', 'Credit risk evaluation' and 'Correlated default' are the major research area; (5) 'Crisis', 'Contagion', 'Monetary policy', 'Counterparty risk' and 'Systemic risk' have become major research hotspot currently. Finally, we hope this scientometric analysis can provides some inspiration for credit risk researchers.
To comprehensively assess global sustainable energy consumption from the perspectives of economic development and environmental conservation, we propose a multidimensional structure that includes two-dimensional and three-dimensional networks. Based on the proposed methods, we empirically investigate 35 countries of the International Energy Agency. It is found that: 1) Regarding economic income, Asia ranks first, followed by America, Oceania, Europe and Africa. 2) As for sustainable development, the best-performing region is Asia, followed by Africa and Europe, Oceania and America. 3) The regions with greater development potential in energy consumption are America, Oceania, Africa and Europe, while Asia is less efficient. In consideration of the above findings, we give some recommendations for different regions to improve their energy consumption efficiency, such as countries in Asia can focus on innovative high-tech industries while countries in Europe can enhance economic vitality with market integration.
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